Criado por Madeline Luedke
aproximadamente 8 anos atrás
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Questão | Responda |
Pharmacodynamic | The study of physiological/biochemical interactions of drug molecules with the target tissue |
Receptor | • large protein molecules on surface (or within) cells • accept binding from a particular neurotransmitter, hormone or drug (ligands) • when activated relay info to inside of cell and alter processes • different subtypes |
affinity | molecules with best "fit into receptor-> higher |
agonist | ligand that fits and triggers activity |
antagonist | ligand that fits, but triggers low/no activity |
Dose Response Curve | graph of biological bx effect for given dose of drug • S-shape |
Threshold | dose with smallest measurable effect |
ED50 | dose giving 50% of maximum effect |
Potency | absolute amount of drug needed to produce an effect |
Therapeutic Index | the ratio between the toxic dose and effective dose (TD50/ED50) • bigger is better |
competitive antagonist | competes for limited receptors & displaces agonist from receptors "takes more to do the job" • shifts curve to the right • Nalrtrexone binds to same receptor as morphine and competes for spot to treat Analgesia |
Non-competitive antagonist | impairs action in other ways though not directly at the receptor site • changes shape of curve • ketamine |
Tolerance | drug effects diminsh after repeared use |
Behavioral Tolerance | tolerance develops in the same environment but not new environment |
State Dependent Learning | Tasks learned in drugged state may be performed better under drugged state |
Sensitization | repeated use can cause increased response to a drug |
Types of Tolerance | 1. Metabolic 2. Pharmacodynamic Tolerance 3. Behavioral Tolerance |
Metabolic Tolerance | • over repeated use, drug induces liver to produce appropriate microsomal enzyme • drug is metabolized faster, less makes it to target tissue • all drugs metabolized by that enzyme will be effected (cross tolerance) |
Pharmacodynamic Tolerance | • changes in nerve cell functioning compensate for drug • "desensitization" • chronic stimulation leads to down regulation of receptors | chronic blockage leads to up regulation of receptors |
Behavioral Tolerance | • brain begins to counter drug when entering environment |
Sensitization | repeated use can cause increased response to drug • needs less and less to crave it intensely |
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