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| Questão | Responda |
| What are rocks? | Mixtures of minerals |
| What are crystals made of? | Minerals |
| Name 3 uses of rocks in houses. | 1. Roofs - Slate 2. Building - Blocks of rocks 3. Worktop tiles - Limestone |
| What does Granite contain? | Silicon dioxide Quartz |
| Name the crystals in Sandstone. | Mainly Quartz Feldspars |
| What is Feldspar made of? | Silicon Oxygen Other elements |
| What mineral is made of Sea creature shells? Include geological name. | Calcite Calcium Carbonate |
| How many known minerals are there? | 5000 |
| What are the most common atoms in minerals? | Silicon atoms Oxygen atoms |
| What are Rock-building minerals? | 10 common minerals. |
| What minerals are most commonly found on the Earth's crust? | Feldspars Quartz |
| Name the three rock groups. Give examples. | 1. Sedimentary Rocks - Limestone etc. 2. Igneous Rocks - Basalt etc. 3. Metamorphic Rocks - Marble etc. |
| How do sediments build up in the weight? | Particles squeeze deep in the layers, they dissolve in water and act like cement. |
| Name the sedimentary rock of each sediment. i) mud ii) sand iii) shells in the ocean | i) mudstone ii) sandstone iii) limestone |
| How do crystal look like inside & outside the Earths surface? | Inside - Big crystals Outside - Small crystals |
| What changes in rocks when metamorphosed? | Structure of rock changes Looks entirely different |
| What does mudstone change into after metamorphosed? | Slate |
| How much of the Earth's crust is made of rock? | 65% Igneous rock 8% Metamorphic rock |
| What is weathering? Name two types of weathering | When rock is broken down by actions of environment 1. Physical Weathering 2. Chemical Weathering |
| How are rocks weathered? | By: Heat & Cold Rain Gases from the air Plants Animals |
| How does the Heating & Cooling of rocks work? | Heats up - Rock expands Cools down - Rock contracts Weakens and cracks after repeated process |
| What is freeze-thaw weathering? | Expands when freezes Thaws when rain falls Cracks get wider after repeated process |
| Name & Explain the process of Reduction of rock by pressure. | Exfoliation Rocks are under pressure, layer peels off & rocks split and erode |
| How does Biological Weathering occur? | Roots widen cracks Burrowing animals widen cracks too |
| How does Acidic rain weather down limestone? | Acid rain reacts to calcium carbonate and dissolves it away |
| How is Clay formed? | Feldspars reacts with Water Makes fine particles, that are soft & slippery |
| Name the crystal found on beaches. | Quartz |
| What type of climates break down rocks quick? | 1. Hot to Cold temperatures 2. Rising temperatures |
| Draw & Label the Rock Cycle. | |
| How can sand become the three types of rocks? | Sedimentary Rock - Sediments of sand on ocean floor. Metamorphic Rock - Gets hot and melts. Igneous Rock - Hardens underground. |
| How do rocks push up & down the Earth's crust in rock cycle? | Powerful currents of hot soft rock that drag plates. |
| How have our continents evolved over 550 million years? | Continents are always moving, when the plates move they break up & join other places |
| What is the Geological Timescale? *Important* | It is the timing and relationships of events that have occurred during Earth's history. |
| How are mountain ranges formed? | Land near plate edges got pushed into each other |
| Name UKs bedrocks. (in order) | Sedimentary rock Metamorphic rock Igneous rock |
| What type of area is igneous rock found in? | 1. High lands 2. Thin soil 3. Boggy (wet) areas 4. Sheep-farming areas |
| How many ways is limestone useful for environment? | 1. Underground caves form 2. Pavements 3. Streams go down their sinkholes and appears up somplace else 4. Sheep-farming |
| How does mudstone help the growth of plants? | It is full of nutrients |
| What are natural resources? | Something that occurs naturally, without our help |
| What are renewable & non-renewable resources? Give examples. | Renewable - We can keep on using, wont run out e.g; Sun, Wind etc. Non- renewable - Takes million of years to form & hardly left when used e.g; Oil, Fossil fuels etc. |
| What two big challenges do humans face? | 1. Rising population 2. Limited natural resources |
| How do we make use of natural resources? | Soil - Farming Gas / Oil - Cooking |
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