7319893
Descrição
FlashCards por Ashleigh Gildroy, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por Ashleigh Gildroy
quase 8 anos atrás
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| Questão | Responda |
| Sociology | Control and Punishment |
| What is the Right Realist perspective on crime | The individual makes a rational choice to make the crime |
| What is Situational Crime Prevention | SCP is the Right realist approach to punishment. It involves changing something about the deviant situation in order to reduce crime |
| What is an example of SCP? (Felson) | Felson (1998) shows the effect of SCP as he uses the NYC Port Authority Bus Terminal as an example. Originally, it was poorly designed and was shrouded with homeless people, drug dealing, theft, etc... In order to reduce this they had the whole building redesigned. This caused recorded crime to be reduced |
| What other examples are there of SCP? | Target Hardening (Reducing the physical opportunities for offending) Surveillance (CCTV) |
| Positively evaluate the Right Realist approach to Crime Prevention | SCP doesn't lead to displacement ... In the 1960's many suicides in the UK were the result of gassing in the home, so the government replaced the toxic gas that came into homes to prevent this. Overall, suicide rates went down, it didn't displace people into using another method |
| Criticise the Right Realist approach to Crime Prevention | The ideas Right Realists use can cause displacement rather than crime prevention. This is known as the displacement theory. It does little to reduce the crime, only to move the crime to elsewhere where the crime prevention measures don't exist. |
| Provide a further criticism of the Right Realist approach | It mainly focuses on petty crimes caused by the working class than white collar crimes and presumes the offenders are rational when they commit the crime. Other than showing a clear social class bias, it does not address all possible crimes, therefore isn't the core root to reducing crime as a whole |
| What is the 'Broken Window Thesis' | Developed by Wilson and Kelling (1982). This is the idea that small signs of deterioration eventually spiral into the idea that anything is allowed in a community. In order to prevent this, we need to make sure that any signs of deteriorating get dealt with early to stop an area spiralling into decline (Dealing with broken windows, etc...) |
| What should we combine the 'Broken Window Thesis' to prevent crime? | Zero Tolerance Policing |
| What is the Zero Tolerance Policing? | The police must treat even the most trivial of offences seriously. |
| Do you agree with the Zero Tolerance Policing? | No, I believe it would receive a lot of complaints from the wider community, possibly increasing crime due to protests and rioting. |
| Provide a Strength of ECP | There is supporting evidence to suggest that the ECP works. Such as, the 'Clean Car Programme' in NYC during the 1990's saw subway cars removed from service if they had even the most minor of graffiti. Zero tolerance policing dealt with fare dodging, drug dealing and begging. The approach did seem to be effective and had a positive impact on crime. For example, the murder rate was halved. |
| Criticise the ECP | On the contrary, many say the change in NYC was due to increased numbers of police. There were an extra 7000 policemen put in place. Also, there was a general reduction in crime in all cities across the USA due to a boom period in the economy, a lack of availability of crack and advances in medical science. |
| Provide a further weakness of the ECP | Interestingly, Levitt stated that the ECP had little impact in the reduction of crime in NYC. However, he believes that it is correlated with the legalisation of abortion in the 1970s. |
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