Jury decision making

Questão	Responda
Pre-trial publicity	Media and other coverage of a case
Characteristics of defendent	Stereotyping process, attractiveness, race, accent
Why is it hard to use real life cases to do research on reliability of JDM?	Jurors are sworn to secrecy even after a trial.
Creator of the Halo effect	Dion
What is the halo effect?	Physically attractive people have other attractive properties
Number of ppts in Sigall & Ostrove's 1975 study	120, split into 6 groups of 20
Results of Sigall & Ostrove's 1975 study	Attractive Barbara should have a longer sentence for fraud than for burglary, attractive people commit attractive crimes
Which study found that if the victim was good looking then the defendent would get a longer sentence, as well as the ugly defendent getting a longer sentence	Castellow 1990
Which two studies found that the influence of attractiveness was crime-dependent	Efran (good-looking criminals recieved lower sentences unless good-looks were involved in the crime) Quigley (fatality level of crime and gender of defendent alter influence of attractiveness)
Stewart 1980	Found negative correlation between attractiveness and length of sentence (real life study in USA) but this is dependent on Judge rather than Jury
Meta-analysis of 34 studies showing ppts more likely to give guilty verdict if defendent is a different race from their own	Mitchell 2005
Meta-analysis shows mixed evidence for race influencing JDM	Devine 2000
Baldus 2000	Black defendents are given longer sentences when there is a white victim
Thomas 2010	41 white juries didn't discriminate against BME defendents
Gagging orders	Issued on the press when a case is high-profile to reduce impact of PTP
Misinformation effect	When incorrect information is seen after witnessing an event it distorts our memory and we cannot differentiate between what we read and what we saw
Meta-analysis of 44 studies done by Steblay 1999 - what were the results?	Negative PTP made jury more likely to say defendent was guilty
Thomas 2010 - what percentage of jurors didn't recall details in media but did remember whether the media thought the defendent guilty or not?	66%
Problem with mock trials	Low ecological validity, low mundane realism, may get different results if it was real life
Solid evidence provided by Ruva 2007 for PTP	mock jurors that read articles containing negative PTP rather than random unrelated articles were more likely to give longer sentences and guilty verdicts
Mock trials mostly used students	Low application and not representative of real life jurors (normally would have 12 randomly selected jurors)
There is real life evidence for PTP determining verdict from jurors - give an example (not ronald cotton)	False imprisonment of Colin Stagg in the Rachel Nickell case

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	Criado por Alice Storr quase 8 anos atrás