Biological Molecules

Questão	Responda
What are the four macromolecules (including 3 nutrients)?	Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids (fats and oils) and DNA.
What elements make up carbs, proteins and fats?	Carbs: CHO Proteins: CHON (S) (P) Fats: CHO
What are monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides?	Disaccharides: Two monosaccharides Polysaccharides: More than two sugar molecules
What are the three monosaccharide sugars?	Glucose, Galactose and Fructose
What are the three disaccharide sugars?	Sucrose, Maltose and Lactose
What is sucrose made up of?	One glucose molecule, one fructose molecule
What is maltose made up of?	2 glucose molecules
What is lactose made up of?	One glucose molecule and one galactose molecules
What are three polysaccharides?	Glycogen, starch and cellulose
What molecule is repeated to form glycogen, starch and cellulose?	Glucose
What is the difference between glycogen and starch?	Starch is found in plants, glycogen in animals
What are lipids composed of?	3 chains of fatty acids and 1 glycerol molecule
What are proteins made out of?	Amino acids
What is a string of amino acids called?	A peptide
Why do different proteins have different structures?	Because the sequence of amino acids changes.
What is the structure of DNA?	A double helix
What is each strand of DNA made out of, and in what order are they?	Bases (AT,CG)

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