GCSE Geography Climate Change

Questão	Responda
Define 'weather'	The short term behaviour of the atmosphere
Define 'climate'	The long term behaviour of the atmosphere in a specific area
Name 3 internal factors affecting the climate	Volcanoes Surface Reflection Changes in Atmospheric Gasses
Name 3 external factors affecting the climate	Solar Output Orbital Path Tilt of Axis
How do volcanoes affect the climate?	Short Term: Decrease temperature - ash blocks suns rays, and reflect them back into space. Mt. Pinatubo decreased global temperature b 0.4C Long Term: Increased temperature as increase of carbon dioxide in atmosphere
How does surface reflection affect the climate?	When there is lots of snow and ice, sunlight is reflected off back into space, causing a reduction in temperature
How does a change in atmospheric gasses affect the climate?	An increase of carbon dioxide, methane and any other greenhouse gas will increase the temperature. A reduction of these gasses will reduce the temperature.
How does the sun's solar output affect the climate?	The sun has a cycle of 10 years where there will be more or less sunspots - if there are more sunspots, it will be giving out more energy.
How does the earth's orbital shape affect the climate?	The path of the earth varies from elliptical to circular every 95,000 years. When it is circular, the temperature is more even, and when it is more elliptical, it is more extreme temperatures.
How does the axis tilt affect the climate?	The tilt varies every 41,000 years. The bigger the tilt, the more extreme the summers and winters are.
What is the greenhouse effect?	Heat energy from the sun passes through a blanket of Greenhouse gasses. Some of that energy escapes back into space. Energy that doesn't escape is reflected back to earth Greenhouse gasses form a blanket, trapping the heat
Main causes of climate change	Burning fossil fuels Methane production
Why is methane worse than carbon dioxide?	Methane is 20x more potent than carbon dioxide More is produced naturally
What is the Kyoto Protocol?	Dec 1997 181 countries sign it to cut greenhouse gasses by 5.2% of 1990 levels globally. National limits - most had reductions, some allowed increase (Iceland)
Why sign Kyoto Protocol?	Next generation's planet Look good to other countries
Did the Kyoto Protocol work?	Not really: US never fully agreed Countries like India and China were still developing, so did have targets - now produce a lot of greenhouse gasses
What is the Bali Roadmap?	December 2007 180 countries present to agree on initiatives to reach a secure climate future
Local Responses to Climate Change - Schools	'Live Simply' campaign 2007 Encourage students to consider choices. Schools introduce energy efficient water and heating systems from renewable sources
Local Responses to Climate Change - Local Councils	Since April 2008, £4 million given to councils to cut energy usage. Schemes include free energy saving lightbulbs
Local Responses to Climate Change - Local Interest Groups	2005 - Manchester is my Planet Pledge campaign to reduce carbon footprint and be involved with other green projects Over 20,000 members
Positive Impacts of Climate Change	Extended growing seasons Can grow crops where previously couldn't Scotland, Scandinavian countries
Negative Impacts of Climate Change	Rising sea levels More extreme weather Tropical diseases spreading (e.g. Malaria) Loss of tourism industry (skiing) Crop yield decreasing
Rising Sea Levels	Thermal expansion Melting ice caps Threatens over 80 million people If continue at current rate, rise 88 cm by 2100 Loss of land, flooding - lose homes, industry, even islands

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GCSE Geography Climate Change

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	Criado por EllieFlint mais de 10 anos atrás