9087878
Descrição
FlashCards por Lucy Burke, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por Lucy Burke
mais de 7 anos atrás
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| Questão | Responda |
| What were the electoral turnouts in 1950, 1997, 2001, 2005, 2010 and 2015? | 1950: 83.9% 1997: 71.4% 2001: 59.4% 2005: 61.4% 2010: 65.1% 2015:: 66.1% |
| What was the conservative, labour, SNP and UKIP share of the vote in 2015? And how many seats did each party win? | Conservative: 36.9% (331) Labour: 30.4% (232) SNP: 4.7% (56) UKIP 12.6% (1) |
| How did AB & DE voters vote in 2015? | AB: 45% conservative, 26% Labour DE: 27% conservative, 41% Labour UKIP AB: 8%, UKIP DE: 17% |
| How did 18-24 year olds and 65+ vote in 2015? | 18-24: 27% conservative, 43% Labour 65+: 47% conservative, 23% Labour |
| What is Partisanship? | Stable, long term feelings of positive attachment to one of the main parties. |
| What is class dealignment? | Distinctions between social classes has been eroded by greater affluence, education and a smaller manual workforce. (1968: 2/3 of population DE.... 2015: 45% DE) |
| What is partisan dealignment? | The no. voters who strongly identify with Labour/conservatives has declined. 1964: 43% 'strong supporters' 2005: 13% 'strong supporters' 1950s: 90% voted Lab/con 2015: 67% voted Lab/con |
| What are the reasons for partisan dealignment and class dealignment? | Thatcher: working class support in 1983 via embourgeoisement (1980 Housing Act) Blair: New Labour (Catch all) "we are all middle class" CONVERGING IDEOLOGY DISILLUSIONED THE WORKING CLASS |
| What is the primacy model of voting? | Long term factors are more important than short term factors in deciding elections. Stability in electoral behaviour rather than volatility. |
| What is the recency model of voting? | Voting patterns are more volatile, processes like embourgeoisement have led to class & partisan dealignment. (Events, issues, leaders) 10 million voters made their mind up in the last week of the campaign in 2010. |
| What is the rational choice model? | Voters make considered, rational judgements on the basis of policies and issues/relative attributes of party leaders. Issue and valence voting. Salience issues (2017 Brexit) may have the biggest impact on voting. |
| What is the broader valence politics perspective? | Voters judge the overall party and leader performance. Party leaders are important due to partisan dealignment. (2010, 2015, 2017) |
| What is the manipulative media theory? | Media is controlled by a ruling elite who seek to preserve their status/interests. |
| What is the hegemonic media theory? | Journalists backgrounds influence the media. (Narrow range) |
| What is the pluralist media theory? | You read your ideology. |
| What is representative democracy and direct democracy? | Representative democracy: citizens elect representatives to formulate legislation and take other decisions on their behalf. Direct democracy: Citizens are given direct input into the decision making process. |
| What is a referendum? | A vote on a single issue put to public ballot by the government of the day. Usually phrased as a simple 'yes, no' answer. Form of direct democracy. |
| What was the 2008 Manchester Congestion Charge and what was bad about it? | Originated from central government, 53% turnout, 21% yes, 79% no. £9 million lost- considerable sum of money lost for a knee jerk reaction to a new tax. |
| What is political culture? | The ideas, beliefs and attitudes that shape political behaviour within a given area. It describes the way in which citizens collectively view the political system and their status within it. |
| What was UK political culture traditionally defined by? | Homogeneity (common heritage; sense of togetherness) Consensus (citizens accepted need for tolerance, pragmatism & compromise) Deference (deferred to an elite that was regarded as 'born to rule' natural willingness to accept class based inequality. |
| Why did UK political culture change? | Successive waves of immigration, Scottish and Welsh nationalism, decline of the CofE, multiculturalism. Decline in consensus evident: single-issue campaigns, direct action and nationalist party support. Modern less deferential media has demystified individuals and institutions. |
| What is political participation? | Collectively refers to the range of ways in which citizens can involve themselves in the political process. |
| What is differential turnout? | National turnout figure recorded masks differences in turnout by constituency/region. (how marginal a seat is, the electoral system- does my vote matter, local/nat controversy, intensity of campaign & media attention) |
| What is turnout? | The percentage of registered, eligible voters who cast a valid ballot in a given election. |
| Why is low turnout bad? | It questions government legitimacy and the strength of the governments electoral mandate. (2005 Labour majority; 65 with support from 35% of the 61.4% eligible voters who turned out- 21.6% of electorate) |
| What factors account for variable turnout? | The type of election (value the institutions), political apathy (power report, converging ideology, little difference), Hapathy, the relative value of a vote (marginal/safe), electoral system in operation, role of mass media. |
| Forms of non-electoral participation? | Canvassing & Leafleting, organising election events and fundraising, staffing campaign offices, writing to an MP/meeting with them, being a member of a party, engaging in political protest or organised pressure group activity, discussion. |
| What were the membership figures in 1951 compared to now? | 1951 conservatives: 2.9 million members 1951 Labour: 876,000 members 2013 conservatives: 150,000 2010 Labour: 193,000 2017 Labour: 500,000??? |
| What is a pluralist democracy? | A system of government that encourages participation and allows for free and fair competition between competing interests. Various ethnic, religious, social and political groups should thrive in a single society. |
| What are the main features of UK democracy? What are some critiques of UK democracy? | Subsidiarity, free and fair elections, wide range of political parties and pressure groups. FPTP, low turnout & wide spread disillusionment with trad. forms of participation, absence of separation of powers, failure to reform parliament. |
| What is a liberal democracy? | Incorporating free and fair elections with a belief in the importance of certain key rights and freedoms. (Franchise) Guarantee freedom of speech and allow people to assemble and petition to redress grievances. |
| What is a totalitarian democracy? | Citizens can vote but are unable to choose between candidates representing parties other than the one in power, 'top down' citizens given no real input into policy making process. |
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