9321183
Descrição
FlashCards por Emily Hargreaves, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por Emily Hargreaves
mais de 7 anos atrás
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| Questão | Responda |
| Nitration of Benzene | - Electrophillic substitution - Warm benzene with c. HNO3 and c. H2SO4. - <55 °c |
| Sulfonation of Benzene | - Boil benzene under reflux with c. H2SO4 for several hours or... - Warm benzene to 40 °c with fuming sulfuric acid for 30 mins. |
| Alkylation of Benzene | - Reflux benzene and a chloroalkane with a halogen carrier such as AlCl3. |
| Chlorination of Benzene | - Warm with Cl2 and an AlCl3 catalyst (the halogen carrier - AlCl3 polarises halogen molecules such as Br2 and Cl2, so the positive end of the halogen molecule then acts as an electrophile, undergoing electrophillic addition with the benzene ring.) |
| Acylation of Benzene | - Reflux benzene with and acyl chloride (RCOCl) and AlCl3 catalyst. - The acyl chloride and AlCl3 form an acylium ion which then acts as an electrophile and goes on to react with benzene. |
| Making an Azo Dye | - Amino benzene + HNO2/HCl (<5 °c) Forms benzenediazonium chloride use in the: Coupling reaction - React with phenol + NaOH (<5°c) Forms the Azo Dye. |
| Phenol --> Sodium phenoxide | - Phenol + NaOH (20°c) - Forms sodium phenoxide + water |
| Phenol --> Phenyl Ethanoate | - Phenol + CH3COCl (20°c) - Forms Phenyl Ethanoate + HCl |
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