sleep disorder that causes breathing to
repeatedly stop and start during sleep
Moderate OSA- The sufferer
experiences 15-30 episodes of
interruptions in breathing in an hour.
Severe OSA- The sufferer experiences
30 or more interruptions in breathing
in an hour.
the muscles in
the back of the
throat relax too
much to allow
normal
breathing
Mild OSA- The sufferer experiences
5-14 episodes of interruptions in
breathing in an hour.
causes
structural features that give rise to a
narrowed airway.
old age
(natural or premature) brain injury
(temporary or permanent) decreased muscle
tone (drugs or alcohol) increased soft tissue
around the airway (sometimes due to obesity
central apnea
Parkinson's disease
Medical conditions that
affect the brain stem
infection and stroke
Certain medications like
narcotic painkiller
TREATMENT
PROGNOSIS
Untreated or
unrecognized
obstructive sleep
apnea can lead to
cognitive impairment
as a result of
sleeplessness
physiology of sleep
narcolepsy
Idiopathic hypersomnia
history taking for resp
ask about
TB, cancer,
cystic
fibrosis and
family
history
investigations
sleep test
Polysomnogram
Measures the
breathing and blood
oxygen level. Some also
may measure the heart
rate or other
information about the
body.
O2 saturation
An estimate of your oxygen saturation
can be made easily and painlessly with a
clip that fits on your finger. This clip
shines a light through one side of your
finger; a detector measures the light
that comes through the other side
snoring
snoring During sleep, the
muscles of the throat
relax, the tongue falls
backward, and the throat
becomes narrow and
"floppy." These vibrations
lead to the characteristic
sound of snoring.
fatigue
Non-restorative sleep
Cognitive deficits; memory and intellectual impairment