11996642
Descrição
Mapa Mental por Dominic Weston, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por Dominic Weston
mais de 6 anos atrás
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Respiration
- Glycolysis
- Overview:
- Splitting molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate
- Occurs in the cytoplasm
- Doesn't require oxygen
- Doesn't require oxygen
- Occurs in the cytoplasm
- Net gain of 2 ATP, 2 NADH, 2 pyruvate
- Splitting molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate
- (1) Phosphorylation
- Glucose phosphorylated
- Adds 2 phosphate groups from 2 ATP molecules
- Resulting in 2 molecules of triose phosphate and 2 ADP
- (2) Oxidation
- Both triose phosphate oxided (lose hydrogen)
- Forms 2 molecules of pyruvate and 4 ATP
- Both hydrogen ions each join to an ADP forming NADH
- Both hydrogen ions each join to an ADP forming NADH
- Forms 2 molecules of pyruvate and 4 ATP
- Both triose phosphate oxided (lose hydrogen)
- (2) Oxidation
- Resulting in 2 molecules of triose phosphate and 2 ADP
- Adds 2 phosphate groups from 2 ATP molecules
- Glucose phosphorylated
- Overview:
- Krebs cycle
- Link Reaction
- Overview
- Occurs in matrix of mitochondria
- Converts pyruvate into acetyl coenzyme A
- Link reaction happens twice for every glucose molecule
- As 2 pyruvates produced, both going through the link reaction
- As 2 pyruvates produced, both going through the link reaction
- Occurs in matrix of mitochondria
- Anaerobic
- Pyruvate is converted into ethanol or Lactate
- Ethanol
- In plants and yeast
- CO2 released from pyruvate to form ethanal
- NADH oxidised to regenerate NAD which can be used in glycolysis
- Still making ATP even if anaerobic
- Forms ethanol
- Still making ATP even if anaerobic
- NADH oxidised to regenerate NAD which can be used in glycolysis
- In plants and yeast
- Lactate
- In animal cells and bacteria
- pyruvate and NADH react to form lactate (latic acid) and NAD
- NAD again used in glycolysis to keep ATP production even in small amount
- NAD again used in glycolysis to keep ATP production even in small amount
- In animal cells and bacteria
- Ethanol
- Pyruvate is converted into ethanol or Lactate
- Aerobic
- Pyruvate is decarboxylated (remove one carbon)
- Carbon joins with O2 to form CO2
- NAD reduced, taking one hydrogen from pyruvate
- Forms Acetyl
- Combines with coenzyme A (COA)
- Forms Acetyl COA
- No ATP used or produced
- No ATP used or produced
- Forms Acetyl COA
- Combines with coenzyme A (COA)
- Forms Acetyl
- Carbon joins with O2 to form CO2
- Pyruvate is decarboxylated (remove one carbon)
- Overview
- Oxidative Phosphorylation
- Net Produced
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