Primary Emotions: evolutionarily adaptive, shared across
cultures, and associated with specific physical states (ex: anger,
fear, sadness, happiness, disgust, surprise, contempt)
James-Lange Theory:
emotions result from
the experience of
physiological reactions
from the body
Cannon-Bard Theory: Emotions and bodily
response both occur simultaneously
Schachter-Singer
two-factor theory: How an
emotion is experienced is
influenced by the cognitive
label applied to explain the
physiological changes
explained
Emotional Brain
Amygdala: The "quick and dirty"
system, processes emotional
significance of stimuli & generates
immediate emotional and behavioral
reactions; assists in reading facial
expressions
Prefrontal Cortex: left and right
frontal lobes are affected by
different emotions, damage to
either lobe impairs emotional
experience
Right prefrontal
cortex: associated
with negative
emotions
Left hemisphere:
associated with
positive emotion
Humor has
many mental
and physical
health benefits
Distraction: Involves doing or
thinking something other than the
troubling activity or thought
Display Rules: rules that are learned through
socialization and dictate what emotions are suitable in
each situation
these rules tend to be
different for men and women
from culture to culture
Emotions influence thoughts
Affect-as-information: people use
their current mood to make
decisions and judgments even
without knowing the source of
their mood
Decision Making: anticipating how choices
might affect our emotions can serve as a
guide in decision making
Guilt: a negative emotional state associated
with anxiety, tension, and agitation
socialization is sometimes considered more important
than biology in determining how children experience
guilt
embarrassment: often felt after violating a
cultural norm, doing something clumsy, or
experiencing something else that would cause a
threat to their self image
People frequently blush when they feel
embarrassed which indicates that there is an
understanding of social awkwardness