null
US
Entrar
Registre-se gratuitamente
Registre-se
Detectamos que o JavaScript não está habilitado no teu navegador. Habilite o Javascript para o funcionamento correto do nosso site. Por favor, leia os
Termos e Condições
para mais informações.
Próximo
Copiar e Editar
Você deve estar logado para concluir esta ação!
Inscreva-se gratuitamente
13595705
Birds
Descrição
Survival stratergies
Sem etiquetas
birds
deserts
water loss
water gain
zoology
biology
Mapa Mental por
Adam Heywood
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
Mais
Menos
Criado por
Adam Heywood
aproximadamente 6 anos atrás
45
3
0
Resumo de Recurso
Birds
Water loss
REWL (Respiratory evaporative water loss)
Birds lack sweat glands - rely on REWL for thermoregulation
Gullar Fluttering
Rapid movement of flaps in the throat to increase evaporation
TEWL (Transepidermal evaporative water loss)
Bird skin permeable, allows moisture through. Not very waterproof
Water Gain
Drinking
opportunistic - not always available
Specialist drinking capabilities
Ostrich
Metabolic water
5 - 10 times higher in than in invertebrates and reptiles
Diet
Can feed on a high water content species of plants
Ostrich
Water re-absoprtion
Nasal salt glands
Produce concentrated salt solutions which is then excreted via the nose - 800 - 900mOsmol
Small Birds = Evaders
Sand Grouse
Males carry water to the nest over long distances
Soaks specialised breast feathers
Can carry 40ml of water over long distance
Keeps chicks away from the habitats of predators
Larks
Dunn's Lark (ARABIAN DESERT)
Annual rainfall - 90mm
Air temperature in July = 40C
Sky Lark/ Woodland Lark (NETHERLANDS)
Annual rainfall - 750mm
Air temperature in July = 22C
Mesic VS Xeric (balanced vs extreme)
Higher Metabolic rate, higher body temperature
Stratergies to reduce water loss
Avoid the extremes of hot and arid deserts
Migration
If small, able to evade the heat - Larger birds must endure (ostrich)
Nitrogenous waste
Urine
Avian Nephrons
Reptilian type - Lack loops of Henle
Mammalian type = short and sometimes long loops of henle - better at reducing waste
Production of uric acid
Uricoetylic
Renal Function
Reabsorption of water occurs in the colon and cloaca - post renal re-absorption
Large Birds = Endurers
Ostrich
Largest living bird - flightless
Reduced levels of urination and urine volume
Urine more concentrated than blood plasma (x2.7 plasma)
Only expires 75% saturated air via REWL
Water saving per day - 200 - 500ml per day
Effective Nasal counter-current flow allows this
Large and enhanced nasal salt glands
Lowered metabolic rates, lowered body temperature
Quer criar seus próprios
Mapas Mentais
gratuitos
com a GoConqr?
Saiba mais
.
Semelhante
Biology AQA 3.1.3 Cells
evie.daines
Biology AQA 3.2.5 Mitosis
evie.daines
Biology AQA 3.1.3 Osmosis and Diffusion
evie.daines
Biology- Genes, Chromosomes and DNA
Laura Perry
Biology- Genes and Variation
Laura Perry
Enzymes and Respiration
I Turner
GCSE AQA Biology - Unit 2
James Jolliffe
GCSE AQA Biology 1 Quiz
Lilac Potato
Using GoConqr to study science
Sarah Egan
Cells and the Immune System
Eleanor H
GCSE Biology AQA
isabellabeaumont
Explore a Biblioteca