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136122
B5a The skeleton
Descrição
Mapa Mental sobre B5a The skeleton, criado por M.C.Fletcher em 19-06-2013.
Mapa Mental por
M.C.Fletcher
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por
M.C.Fletcher
aproximadamente 11 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso
B5a The skeleton
Broken bones
simple fracture
when the bone breaks cleanly
greenstick fracture
when the bone dose not break completely
compound fracture
when the broken bone shatters or breaks the skin and muscle
when the bones are broken or damaged they can become infected becsause there living things. however they can re-grow and repair themselves
types of skeleton
internal skeleton
provides shape and a framework for the body
grows with the body
are easy for muscles to attach to
has joints for flexibility
Humans skeletons are made of bone with some cartilage
Some animals have internal skeletons made entirly from cartilage
exoskeleton
heavy for protection
inflexible
an animal must shed its exoskeleton for it to grow
made from chitin
Joints
A joint is where two or more bones meet
fixed joint
the skull is a fixed joint, where bony plates are fused together
synovial joints
hinge joints - bend in one direction only
the elbow
the knee
ball and socket joints - allow a wide range of movement including rotation
shoulder
hip
ellipisodal - can move up, down, side to side but no rotation
the wrist
structure of a long bone
hollow shaft
they weight less and are stronger than other bones
the head of the bone is covered in cartilage, to lubricate movement against other bones
contains bone marrow and blood vessels
the head of a bone contains air pockets
growing bones
in a foetus all the bones are made from cartillage
during growth the cartillage is replaced with calcium and phosphorus that makes it hard. this is called ossification
the arm
the arm ahs two muscles, the bicep and the tricep. these are antagonistic muscles
Antagonistic muscles work together. as one contracts the other relaxes and vice versa
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