Quit Smoking

Mechanism of smoking dependence
1. Physiological
2. Psychological
  1. Tobacco taken in larger amounts or over longer periods of time
  2. Craving or a strong desire or urge to use tobacco
  3. Recurrent tobacco use in situations in which it is physically hazardous
3. Management of smoking
Pathophysiology of tumors
1. Self sufficiency of GS
2. Insensitive to anti-growth signals
3. Apoptosis evasion
4. Limitless replicative potential
5. Sustained angiogenesis
Types and Classification of Lung Tumors
1. Secondary (metastatic)
2. Primary
  1. Epithelial
    1. Bronchogenic carcinoma
      1. SCC
      2. adenocarcinoma
      3. Small cell carcinoma
      4. Large cell carcinoma
  2. Non-epithelial
    1. Hamartoma
Stages of cancer
1. T stands for the original (primary) tumor
2. N stands for nodes
3. M stands for metastasis
Risk factors of Cancer
1. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)
2. Genetics
3. Radiations
4. Environmental toxins
  1. Example: Asbestos
Investigations
1. Chest x-ray
2. Computed tomography (CT) scan
3. Sputum cytology
4. Tissue sample
5. Biopsy
  1. tissue removed from a living body
    1. Bone marrow biopsy
    2. Endoscopic biopsy
    3. Needle biopsies
    4. Skin biopsy
    5. Surgical Biopsy
Treatment of Cancer
1. SCLC Chemotherapy
  1. Cisplatin and etoposide
2. NSCLC Chemotherapy
  1. Neoadjuvant Therapy
    1. Cisplatin
3. Immunotherapy
  1. Nivolumab
4. Targeted Therapy
  1. Angiogenesis Inhibitors
    1. Bevacizumab

Resumo de Recurso

	Criado por Dana Ali mais de 5 anos atrás