Musculoskeletal System

Bones
1. protects soft tissue
  1. supports the body
    1. joints make us move
      1. produces blood cells that store calcium and minerals
        Axial System
        80 bones in center of our body
        they protect our organs, head, neck and torso!
        Appendicular
        bones in upper and lower extremedies
        they anchor the arms legs and head
        Bone Anatomy
        compact bone-dense hard bone that makes up the outer wall of bone.
        Diaphysis-Middle portion of a bone, also called shaft. contains the marrow cavity where blood cells are produced.
        Epiphysis: End segment of a bone involved in bone growth and made of spongy bone covered with compact bone.
        Spongy bone: Found in the marrow cavity of diaphysis and epiphysis. Is less dense than compact bone.
        Periosteum: Fibrous connective tissue covering bones.-contains the blood vessels and nerves that provide nourishment and sensation to the bone.
        --Bone Marrow: Soft, jello-like tissue in center of some bones. --Red bone marrow produces red blood cells, platelets, and all but one kind of white blood cell. --Yellow bone marrow stores fat but may turn into red marrow when the body is ill.
Joints
1. Synarthroses joints: do not move at all, connected by a thin layer of connective tissue, example: joints in your skull
2. Amphiarthroses joints: move a little, connected by cartilage with strong fiberous connective tissue, example: joints in your backbone
3. Diarthroses joints: Freely moveable and connected with ligaments, example: your knee --contain ligaments: are bands of fibrous tissue that are not as strong as cartilage, but are more flexible. --also contain synovial fluid: Viscous colorless fluid that bathes movable joints and between the bones of vertebrates. It nourishes and lubricates the cartilage at the end of each bone
  1. Six types of Diarthroses joints::
    1. 3. Saddle joints can be found in the fingers and thumbs.
    2. 2. Ellipsoid joints can be found in the knee. When the knee is extended, it does not allow rotation. When it is flexed, it allows for limited rotation
    3. 1. Ball and Socket joints can be found in the hip. These joints allow for movement in many directions.
    4. 4. Hinge joints can be found in the elbow between the humorous and the ulna. A hinge joint works just like a door hinge, allowing motion in only one direction.
    5. 5. Pivot joints can also be found in the elbow between the ulna and the radius. This type of joint allows one bone to rotate about the other.
    6. 6. Gliding joints can be found between the carpals in the wrists. These joints allow limited movement between the bones as one glides past the other.
3 types of Muscle:
1. Smooth muscle --contained in the walls of your hollow organs, such as the stomach and bladder. --not attached to bones; is involuntary.
2. Skeletal muscle --Attach to the skeleton, holding it together and enabling movement. --Striated and voluntary. --Attached to the bone by tendons.
3. Cardiac muscle --Contained in your heart. --Tissue has interlocking fibers that allow contractions to move quickly through the organ. --Involuntary.
Without your musculoskeletal system, you wouldn’t have anything to support your body, help you move, or protect your organs.

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	Criado por Laura Fauth aproximadamente 6 anos atrás