1841466
Descrição
Mapa Mental por emily.mcauliffe, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por emily.mcauliffe
quase 10 anos atrás
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Cognitive Approach
- Focuses on mediational
processes SOR
- e.g. memory, thinking, decision making, attention
- Can be studied scientifically like
behaviourist...can't see what's in our heads,
but can make inferences based on
behaviour
- Believe mental processes
to be as important as
environmental stimuli when
learning
- Lie between stimulus and response...SOR
- e.g. memory, thinking, decision making, attention
- We actively organise and
manipulate info - choose what to
pay attention to
- Believe mental processes change over time
- Thinking becomes more sophisticated
- Thinking becomes more sophisticated
- Assumes people process information like
computers - information processors
- Stimulus: mouse,
keyboard, microphone, USB.
Ears, eyes, nose, touch
- Output: monitor, sound etc.
Behaviour
- Stimulus: mouse,
keyboard, microphone, USB.
Ears, eyes, nose, touch
- Uses models to explain unobservable
mental processes
- Information processing approach (IPA)
- Stimulus
- Sensory input
- Perception
- Ball coming towards left hand
- Ball coming towards left hand
- Perception
- Sensory input
- Organism
- Processing
- Decision making
- Decide to catch in left hand
- Decide to catch in left hand
- Decision making
- Processing
- Response
- Output
- Behaviour
- Catch ball
- Catch ball
- Behaviour
- Output
- Stimulus
- Information processing approach (IPA)
- Strengths
- Highly controlled lab experiments
- Has considered areas ignored by behaviourists
- Advanced understanding of human
functions e.g. memory research
- Developed practical applications including cognitive
therapy and interviews
- Developed practical applications including cognitive
therapy and interviews
- Advanced understanding of human
functions e.g. memory research
- Has considered areas ignored by behaviourists
- Highly controlled lab experiments
- Weaknesses
- Experiments are artificial tasks - lack ecological validity. Can't be
generalised to real life situations.
- IPA - info can be passed between computers but not humans
- IPA - mechanistic. Does not consider emotions or motivation
- Reductionistic - focuses on metal processes and ignores
complexities of human life
- Reductionistic - focuses on metal processes and ignores
complexities of human life
- IPA - mechanistic. Does not consider emotions or motivation
- IPA - info can be passed between computers but not humans
- Experiments are artificial tasks - lack ecological validity. Can't be
generalised to real life situations.
- Millers Magic number 7
- Participants were shown around 20 letters
and were asked to recall them
immediately after
- As soon as they got one wrong, Miller stopped counting.
- It was found the average number of letters recalled was 7 (+-2)
- This showed that the short term memory storage was limited
- This showed that the short term memory storage was limited
- It was found the average number of letters recalled was 7 (+-2)
- As soon as they got one wrong, Miller stopped counting.
- Participants were shown around 20 letters
and were asked to recall them
immediately after
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