2168835
Descrição
Mapa Mental por Dede Casely-Hayford, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por Dede Casely-Hayford
quase 10 anos atrás
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Public health: 19th Century
- Public Health Acts
- 1848
- Causes
- Cholera epidemic
- Miasma
- Poverty/overcrowding
- Poor couldn't vote
- People claimed poor relif when ill
- Way to raise taxes
- Cholera epidemic
- Effects
- Act not enforced, only
third of towns used it
- Unless death rate
passed 23 per thousand
- Unless death rate
passed 23 per thousand
- Abolished 1858
- Water companies objected, etc.
- Act not enforced, only
third of towns used it
- What was it about?
- Local board of health
- Local medical officer
- Removal of rubbish
- Build new sewer systems
- General board of health with E.C
- Local board of health
- Causes
- 1875
- Causes
- 1861 - Pasteur's germ theory showed
how disease spread, hygiene improved
- 1867 - Cholera
- 1867 - Working class could vote
- 1867 - Working class could vote
- William Farr - Death rates higher
in towns and cities/ villages
- 1854 - Snow proves the link
between dirty water and cholera
- 1861 - Pasteur's germ theory showed
how disease spread, hygiene improved
- What was it about?
- Local councils responsible for
- Removal of rubbish
- Sewers
- Drains
- Drains
- Clean water
- Public toilets
- Monitoring quality of food in shops
- Removal of rubbish
- Basic services e.g water, lighting
still in hands of private
companies/individuals
- Ensured quality of housing improved
- Enforced new
law against
polluting water
- Local medical officer
- Health and sanitary officers
- Health and sanitary officers
- Local councils responsible for
- Causes
- 1848
- Individuals
- Edwin Chadwick
- Role
- Secretary to comisson in
charge of workhouses
- Published results of housing conditions in towns
survey: 'Report on the sanitary conditions of
labouring population of Great Britain'
- Suggested it would be cheaper if local taxes used
to improve housing and hygiene
- Suggestions criticised by some
- Laissez-faire government
- Water companies thought it
would reduce profits
- Laissez-faire government
- Cholera epidemic (1848) forced government to change
- Secretary to comisson in
charge of workhouses
- 1848 Public health act
- Role
- John Snow
- Discoveries
- Used statistical, systematic
methods to plot the location of
Cholera victims near Broad street
- Marked deaths on map
- Marked deaths on map
- Investigated theory that
cholera spread through dirty w.
- Clear concentration of
death around water pump
on Broad street
- Removed pump, deaths fell
- Removed pump, deaths fell
- Used statistical, systematic
methods to plot the location of
Cholera victims near Broad street
- Sig. impact
- Identified pump as
cause of contagion
- Change in epidemiology
- Saved lives
- Proved ideas were correct
- Identified pump as
cause of contagion
- Lim. impact
- Believed in miasma
- Taking pump handle had little
effect, epidemic already going
- Report gathered little support
- None from authorities and public
- None from authorities and public
- Believed in miasma
- Discoveries
- Joseph Bazalgette
- The Great Stink - 1858
- Hot weather, combined
with sewage in River
Thames intensified smell
- Cholera outbreak
- Convinced government
public health reform
needed
- Hot weather, combined
with sewage in River
Thames intensified smell
- Role
- Designed complex
sewer system for
London
- Considered future population
- Considered future population
- Over 7y to complete
- 1,300 miles of sewers
& pumping stations
and embankments
- Designed complex
sewer system for
London
- The Great Stink - 1858
- Edwin Chadwick
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