2185880
Bone
Fractures
- INCOMPLETE (predominantly in
children- bones are more
bendable)
- bowing- acute plastic bowing (rickets)
- torus- buckling of cortex
- greenstick- fractured bone on one
side with other side intact
- bowing- acute plastic bowing (rickets)
- COMPLETE
- simple
- comminuted-
fragmented pieces
of bone
- open- bone protrudes
through skin
- simple
- SPECIAL TYPES
- FATIGUE "march"-
constant stress (e.g.
jogging)
- INSUFFICIENCY-
abnormal bone
and normal stress
- pathologic- has lytic
area (loss of tissue)
- FATIGUE "march"-
constant stress (e.g.
jogging)
- DIRECTION AND OTHER FEATURES
- IMPACTED fracture- bone
breaks into multiple
fragments which are driven
into each other
- DEPRESSION fracture-
fragment is depressed
below the normal surface
- IMPACTED fracture- bone
breaks into multiple
fragments which are driven
into each other
- PROCESS OF HEALING
- Fracture causes bleeding > elevates the
periosteum. Periosteum is pushed out >
procallus formation forms a bridge > callus is
formed and reabsorbed
- PERIOSTEAL REACTION
- radiological observation with no
clinical equivalent– patient may have
bone pain and tenderness
- lifting of periosteum stimulates
osteoclasts to form new bone
- caused by tumour, pus,
haemorrhage, increased
vascularity or serum
- Types of periosteal reaction due to bone tumour
- E: "onion skin", solid
periosteal reaction in layers,
caused by aggressive tumour
(malignant)
- E-G caused by
aggressive tumours
- E: "onion skin", solid
periosteal reaction in layers,
caused by aggressive tumour
(malignant)
- radiological observation with no
clinical equivalent– patient may have
bone pain and tenderness
- Fracture causes bleeding > elevates the
periosteum. Periosteum is pushed out >
procallus formation forms a bridge > callus is
formed and reabsorbed
Anexos de mídia
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