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2667323
German Democracy in Crisis, 1919-1922
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From notes of Edexcel As History, From Second Reich to Third Reich: Germany, 1918-45
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nazi germany
a level
history
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zin97
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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zin97
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German Democracy in Crisis, 1919-1922
The Extreme Right
German Nationalist Party (DNVP) won average of 10% of vote in 1920's elections
limited electoral support but had money and influence
A lot of paramilitary forces
Hatred for Weimar
Extreme right used to be Germany's ruling class, lost this in the Weimar Republic
Viewed Weimar as a collection of socialists, Catholics and Jewish people
e.g people they didn't like
The 'November Criminals' had signed the Treaty of Versailles
e.g 'stab in the back'
The Treaty of Versailles, 1919
Territorial Provisions
Alsace-Lorraine returned to France
Rhineland to become a demilitarised zone
Output of Saar coalfield to go to France for 15 years
Territorial Losses
'Polish Corridor' given to new state of Poland
Memel, Upper Silesia and Danzig all lost
War Guilt/Reparations
Full responsibility for starting WW1
£6,600 million was to be paid
Disarmament
Army restricted to 100,000 men
No tanks for heavy artillery
No airforce
some ships, including 6 small battleships, but no submarines
Colonies
Germany was stripped of the whole of its overseas empire
People branded as a 'Diktat' - a dictated peace
The Kapp Putsch, 1920
Freikorps and army =250,000 but had to be reduced to 100,000
Freikorps disbanded BUT there was a promise to merge them with army to defend republic, government went ahead and disbanded then
1
In 1920 Ehrhardt Brigade also told to disband
Commander Ehrhardt threathened to 'topple' the Republic
2
von Luttwitz and Kapp were involved
Forces ordered into Berlin and proclaim an overthrow
Government fled capital and ordered army to sort it out, army refused
3
Threat of strikes brought the end of the Putsch
4
It was poorly organised
Organisation Consul
After failure of Kapp Putsch, Ehrhardt returned to Germany
Assassinated Erzberger in 1921
Due to him being a 'November Criminal'
Assassinated Rathanau in 1922
Primarily because he was Jewish
The Extreme Left
Were angry due to a failure of a communist Germany at the end of WW1
Also angry at brutality that faced KPDs leader
Disintigration of Independent Socialist Party gave 400,000 new members
1920 Revolt in Ruhr, 1921 Revolt in Saxony, both put down by army
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