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Internal components of a computer
- definition of the internal components of the computer
- Computer Hardware is the physical part of a computer, as
distinguished from the computer software that executes or runs
on the hardware.
- Computer Hardware is the physical part of a computer, as
distinguished from the computer software that executes or runs
on the hardware.
- PROCESSOR
- This is the part of the
computer that processes
data, according to the
instructions is has been
given, to provide the user
with information
- CPU
- Brain of the computer
- four steps in CPU operation: the first step, fetch, involves retrieving an
instruction from program memory. The second step, decode,the instruction
is broken up into parts that have significance to other portions of the CPU.
The third step,exercute, various portions of the CPU, such as thearithmetic
logic unit (ALU) and the floating point unit (FPU) are connected so they can
perform the desired operation. The final step, writeback, simply writes back
the results of the execute step to some form of memory.
- Brain of the computer
- CPU
- This is the part of the
computer that processes
data, according to the
instructions is has been
given, to provide the user
with information
- MEMORY
- The computer has to
keep to the data that
has been entered until it
is ready to process it. It
also has to load
software applications.
This memory is lost
when the computer is
off
- Motherboard
- The body or mainframe of the computer, through which all other
components interface.
- Provides the electrical connections
by which the other components of the
system communicate. The mother board
includes many components such as: central
processing unit (CPU), random access
memory (RAM), firmware, and internal and
external buses.
- The body or mainframe of the computer, through which all other
components interface.
- RAM
- Random access
memory
- Fast-access memory that is cleared
when the computer is power-down.
RAM attaches directly to the
motherboard, and is used to store
programs that are currently running.
RAM is a set of integrated circuits
that allow the stored data to be
accessed in any order (why it is called
random). There are many different
types of RAM. Distinctions between
these different types include:
writable vs. read-only, static vs.
dynamic, volatile vs. non-volatile, etc.
- Random access
memory
- Motherboard
- The computer has to
keep to the data that
has been entered until it
is ready to process it. It
also has to load
software applications.
This memory is lost
when the computer is
off
- STORAGE
- Files and
applications
need to be
stored safely
until the
computer is
ready to load
them again. The
data is not lost
when the
computer is off
- Hard drive
- non-volatile
storage device
- Stores digitally encoded data on rapidly
rotating platters with magnetic surfaces.
Just about every new computer comes with
a hard disk these days unless it comes with
a new solid-state drive. Typical desktop
hard disk drives store between 120 and
400GB, rotate at 7,200 rpm, and have a
madia transfer rate of 1 Gbit/s or higher.
- non-volatile
storage device
- Hard drive
- Files and
applications
need to be
stored safely
until the
computer is
ready to load
them again. The
data is not lost
when the
computer is off
- INPUT DEVICES
- Without external data a
computer can do almost
nothing. The role of an
input device is to input
data into a computer
- Video card
- An expansion card
that allows the
computer to send
graphical information
to a video display
device such as a
monitor .Each
motherboard
supports only a
limited range of video
card
- An expansion card
that allows the
computer to send
graphical information
to a video display
device such as a
monitor .Each
motherboard
supports only a
limited range of video
card
- Sound card
- An expansion card that allows the computer
to send audio information to an audio device
like speakers or a pair of headphones. Many
modern computers do not have sound
expansion cards but instead have the same
technology integrated directly onto the
motherboard
- An expansion card that allows the computer
to send audio information to an audio device
like speakers or a pair of headphones. Many
modern computers do not have sound
expansion cards but instead have the same
technology integrated directly onto the
motherboard
- Video card
- Without external data a
computer can do almost
nothing. The role of an
input device is to input
data into a computer
- SUPPORTER
- Devices that support the computer
- Power supply
- A piece of hardware that's used
to convert the power provided
from the outlet into usable
power for the many parts inside
the computer case
- A piece of hardware that's used
to convert the power provided
from the outlet into usable
power for the many parts inside
the computer case
- Power supply
- Devices that support the computer
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