323840
Descrição
Mapa Mental por charcrawford, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por charcrawford
aproximadamente 11 anos atrás
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39. Globalisation and development
- Introduction
- Globalisation: pressures leading the world to become
one 'market', competition between giant firms, the risk
that national producers will be squeezed out.
- Development: moving people beyond a life where feeding family is a
constant struggle and uncertainty. Underdevelopment: <$1 a day.
- Globalisation: pressures leading the world to become
one 'market', competition between giant firms, the risk
that national producers will be squeezed out.
- Government efforts to
increase world trade
- WTO (1995).. Over 50% tariff-free
imports.
- Free trade ideal for companies at similar
stages of development (encourage
competition)
- Less developed countries would benefit from
protection of infant industries, until able to compete
with MNC's.
- Less developed countries would benefit from
protection of infant industries, until able to compete
with MNC's.
- Free trade ideal for companies at similar
stages of development (encourage
competition)
- WTO (1995).. Over 50% tariff-free
imports.
- The case for globalisation
- Increased competition forces local producers to
be efficient = cutting prices and increase
standards of living.
- Providing the opportunity for best ideas to be
spread globally. (AIDS medicine, water irrigation,
mobiles)
- MNC's: provide employment, training, allow local
entrepreneurs to learn.
- Providing outlets for exports, boost
standards of living by reducing dependence
on subsistence farming (enough to feed the
family).
- Provided opportunity for some countries
to break away from poverty (Mexico,
China, India).
- Increased competition forces local producers to
be efficient = cutting prices and increase
standards of living.
- The case against globalisation
- The economic case
against
- Harder for local firms to create local
opportunities.
- Concern that new production doesn't necessarily mean
new wealth.
- Exploitation
- Extremely low wage rates, poor
working conditions.
- Extremely low wage rates, poor
working conditions.
- Exploitation
- Harder for local firms to create local
opportunities.
- The social and cultural
case against
- Makes lives less interesting by reducing
differences between countries/cities.
- Everywhere starts to look
like everywhere else
- Built on
exploitation
- Hard for local producers to build and grow
in a way that is suited to local needs.
- Makes lives less interesting by reducing
differences between countries/cities.
- The economic case
against
- Globalisation and the
British economy
- Deindustrialisation
- Share of exports of goods between
1953-2009 dramatically declined.
- Strong position in
sales of services.
2010 2nd to America.
- World trade has brought
significant increase in living
standards. Cheap imports
from China kept inflation low.
- Deindustrialisation
- Development
- 1981, 50%
<$1.25 a day.
2005, 21%.
- Countries such as Mexico,
China and India.. Key factors
have been:
- Greater willingness to accept inward investment
from MNC's.
- Greater enterprise (local
businesses)
- More stable government
- Easier access for exports
(WTO)
- Greater willingness to accept inward investment
from MNC's.
- 1981, 50%
<$1.25 a day.
2005, 21%.
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