Electricity and Forces

Generation
1. Fuels
  1. Renewable
    1. Solar
    2. Wind
    3. Biomass
    4. Geothermal
    5. Hydroelectric
    6. Tidal
    7. Wave
  2. Finite
    1. Fossil Fuels
      1. Burning ... causes water to boil and produce steam.
        The steam drives a turbine, which is connected to a generator.
        This makes electricity.
      2. Coal
        Coal is the slowest process.
      3. Oil
      4. Gas
        Gas is the fastest process.
      5. Fossil fuels are finite and the burning produces carbon dioxide.
        Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas so traps heat in the atmosphere.
The Mains (Electricity)
1. 230 Volts
2. 50 Hz frequency.
3. Alternating current.
4. The National Grid
  2. A Network of power stations and pylons that distribute electricity across the country.
  3. The step-up transformer increases the voltage, so lowers the current.
    1. This means that less energy is lost as heat.
  4. The step-down transformer lowers the voltage, so raises the current.
    1. This means that the electricity is back to a safe amd uasble level.
    2. The current is the same at both ends.
Equations
1. Power = Current x Voltage
  1. Watts (W) = Ampere (A) x Volts (V)
2. Newton's Second Law
  1. Force = Mass x Acceleration
    1. F = MA
    2. Newtons (N) = kg x (m/sec)squared
3. Momentum = Mass x Velocity
  1. P = MV
  2. kgm/sec = kg x m/sec
4. Principle of Conservation of Momentum
  1. MaVa + MbVb = MaVa + MbVb
    1. The direction matters so have positive one way and negative the other.
      1. A negative answer means that the arrow is wrong.
5. Kinetic Energy = 1/2 x Mass x (Speed)squared
  1. Ek = 1/2 x M x (V)squared
  2. J = 1/2 x kg x m/sec
6. Force = (Change in momentum)/(Time)
  1. N = (kgm/sec OR N/sec)/(sec)
Forces
1. Contact
  1. Push, Pull, Friction, etc.
2. Non-contact
  1. Gravity, Magnetic, Electrostatic, etc.
3. Resultant Forces
  1. The sum of all the forces acting upon an object.
  3. If the resultant force is 0N, then acceleration is 0m/sec.
    1. This means that the object is either:
      1. Stationary.
      2. Travelling at a constant speed.
4. Momentum
  1. Momentum = Mass x Velocity
  2. Principle of Conservation of Momentum
    1. In a collision/explosion, the total momentum before is equal to the total momentum afterwards.
      1. Airbags increase the time it takes for the momentum change to happen thus reducing the force on the person.
    2. MaVa + MbVb = MaVa + MbVb

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Electricity and Forces

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	Criado por Alfonzzzo R mais de 9 anos atrás