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3305830
Carboxylic Acids
Descrição
Topic 8
Sem etiquetas
edexcel chemistry a2
chemistry
organic chemistry
a2
a level
edexcel
chemistry
a levels
Mapa Mental por
Kassie Radford
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Kassie Radford
aproximadamente 9 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso
Carboxylic Acids
Physical Properties
Soluble in organic solvents
Smaller chains are soluble in water (due to hydrogen bonding)
Small ones readily dissolve in cold water
As mass increases, solubility decreases
Boiling point: Increases as size increases, due to increased number of London forces
Boiling point is higher for straight chain isomers
Greater branching = lower inter molecular forces = lower boiling point
Carboxylic acids have high boiling points for their relative mass
This arises from inter-molecular hydrogen bonding due to polar O-H bonds
Dimerisation doubles the size of the molecule therefore increasing the London forces between itself and its neighbour
Extra inter-molecular attraction = more energy required to separate molecules
Naming
>Select the longest chain of Carbon atoms containing the COOH group
>Remove the e and add oil acid after the basic name
>Number the chain starting from the end nearer the COOH group
>As in alkanes, prefix with alkyl substituents
>Side chain positions are based on the C in the COOH being 1
e.g. CH3 - CH(CH3) - CH2 - CH2 - COOH
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