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3621233
Chemistry AS 1.
Descrição
Chemistry revision of topics covered so far.
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chemistry
aslevel
revision
Mapa Mental por
bethanyjanedewhirst
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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bethanyjanedewhirst
quase 9 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso
Chemistry AS 1.
The Mole
A mole is the amount of particles in a substance.
1 mole is equal to 6.02 x 10^23 particles. This number is known as the avogadro constant.
Number of moles= mass of substance / molar mass
Moles= number of particles you have / number of particles in a mole
Gas Volumes
If temperature and pressure stay the same, one mole of any gas will always have the same volume, 24dm^3 mol^-1.
Number of moles = volume in dm^3 / 24.
Ideal Gas Equation
pV = nRT
p= pressure(Pa)
V= volume(m^3)
n= number of moles
R= gas constant (J K^-1 mol^-1)
8.314 J K^-1 mol^-1
T= temperature (K)
Ionic Compounds
Ions are made when electrons tranfer.
Charges in ionic compounds always balance. Ionic compounds are made when positive and negative ions bond together.
Concentration Calculations
Number of moles= concentration x volume (in dm^3)
Acids and Bases and Salts
Acids are proton donors.
Bases are proton acceptors. Bases that are soluble in water (alkalis) release OH ions in solution.
Acids and bases react to form a salt and a water.
Acids React with Metals
Metal + acid = metal salt + hydrogen.
Metal oxide + acid = metal salt + water.
Metal hydroxide + acid = salt + water.
Metal carbonate + acid = metal salt + carbon dioxide + water.
Salts
Salts are ionic compounds, all solid salts are made up of a lattice of positive and negative ions.
Sometimes, water molecules are incorporated in the lattice too, this water is called the water of crystallisation.
A salt containing water of crystallisation is hydrated, a salt is anhydrous if it doesn't contain water of crystallisation.
Ammonia reacts with acids to make ammonia salts.
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