Organic Chemistry (Aliphatic)

Descrição

Chemistry (Organic Chem) Mapa Mental sobre Organic Chemistry (Aliphatic), criado por Cindy Lam em 04-04-2013.
Cindy Lam
Mapa Mental por Cindy Lam, atualizado more than 1 year ago
Cindy Lam
Criado por Cindy Lam mais de 11 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

Organic Chemistry (Aliphatic)
  1. Carboxylic Acid (RCOOH)
    1. Formation
      1. Oxidation of Aldehydes
        1. Hydrolysis of Esters, AC, nitriles, amides
        2. P.Prop
          1. H-bond → soluble in organic solvents and water
          2. RCOOH + PCL5 → RCOCl + POCl3 + HCl
            1. Formation of Acyl Chloride (RCOCl)
          3. Esters (R'COOR)
            1. Formation
              1. C.A + A: Reflux, Strong acid
                1. AC/AA + A: Reflux, Dry
                  1. AA less reactive → slower, less toxic, less exothermic
                2. C.Prop
                  1. Relatively unreactive
                  2. Hydrolysis break O bridge
                    1. Acidic: Reversible
                      1. Basic: 1D, Water soluble ionic salt formed, then react with HCl
                      2. Uses
                        1. Nice smell
                          1. Solvent
                            1. Plasticisers
                              1. Saponification - Alkaline Hydrolysis of triglycerol esters
                                1. Biodiesel
                              2. Amides (RCONH2)
                                1. Hydrolysis
                                  1. +H2O → RCOOH + NH3
                                    1. +HCl → RCOOH + NH4Cl
                                      1. +NaOH → RCOONa + NH3
                                      2. Reduce to primary amines
                                      3. Nitriles (RCN)
                                        1. Aldehydes (RCHO)
                                          1. Formation
                                            1. Oxi of primary Alcohols
                                              1. Reduction of CA
                                              2. Easily oxidised
                                              3. Ketones (R'COR)
                                                1. Oxi of secondary alcohols
                                                  1. Resistant to oxidation
                                                  2. Acyl Chlorides (RCOCl)
                                                    1. +Amines → N-substituted amides
                                                      1. +Ammonia → Amide
                                                        1. → Esters
                                                        2. Alcohol (ROH)
                                                          1. Identification Tests

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