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3926012
Materials
Descrição
Mind map of basic material properties by material.
Sem etiquetas
materials
metal
ferrous
polymer
engineering
hnc mechanical engineering
material properties
ceramics
material selection
hnc
Mapa Mental por
Billie Juniper
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
Mais
Menos
Criado por
Billie Juniper
aproximadamente 9 anos atrás
191
1
0
Resumo de Recurso
Materials
Metals
Ferrous
CAST IRON
Pros
Strong
Tough
Stiff
Cheap
Easily Machined
Easily Recycled
Cons
Rusts
High Density
Poor Toughness
Can be alloyed to improve
Uses
Brake Discs
Machine Tools
MILD STEEL
Pros
Strong
Stiff
Tough
Very Cheap
Malleable
Easily Recycled (magnetic)
Cons
High Density
Poor Electrical and Thermal Conductivity
Uses
Large Structures
Bridges
Buildings
Oil Rigs
Car Body Panels
Trains
Machine Tools
Pressure Vessels
Process
Metal Forming
Die Casting
Rolling is important for structures like I-beams
Easily Extruded for pipes, tubes, wire
Readily Machined
Joining
Suitable for most
Not suitable for soldering or brazing
STAINLESS STEEL
Pros
Corrosion Resistant
Strong
Tough
Ductile
Stiff
Cheap
Malleable
Easily Recycled (magnetic)
Cons
Expensive
High Density
Poor Electrical and Thermal Conductivity
Uses
Cutlery
Chemical Plant and Surgical Instruments
Process
Metal Forming
Usually Wrought
Not Cast
Powder Metal Forming
Joining
Suitable for most
Not suitable for soldering or brazing
Non Ferrous
BRASS
Pros
Reasonably Strong
Corrosion Resistant
Easy to Shape
Cons
Expensive
Uses
Ornamental Fittings
Plumbing Fittings
Screws
Bullets
Process
Readily Machined
Soldering and Brazing
Readily Extruded as quite soft
COPPER
Pros
Electrical Conductivity
Corrosion Resistant
Ductile
Malleable
Cons
Expensive
Low Strength
Uses
Electrical Wire
Domestic Water Pipes
Coins
Process
Metel Forming
Easily Cast
Readily Extruded because soft
Readily Machined
Soldering and Brazing for electrical connection and pipe
ALUMINIUM
Pros
Lightweight
Durable
Corrosion Resistant
Stiff
Ductile
Malleable
Easy to recycle
Cons
Difficult to Arc Weld
Uses
Aircraft
Bicycles
Car Engines
Space Frame car bodies
Drinks Cans
Window Frames
Process
Metal Forming
Easy with most
Difficulties with oxidising in powder process
Rolling (foil)
Die Casting common
Readily Extruded
Sheet Forming (cars)
Machining
Soft, so easily machined
Joining
Suitable for most
Difficult to arc-weld and an inert gas is needed
TITANIUM
Pros
Strong, even at high temps
Hard Wearing
Non Corrosive
Light Weight
Stiff
Chemically Inert in Human Body
Cons
Expensive
Chemically reactive when hot
Difficult to Shape
Uses
Surgical Implants
Performance Bicycles
Fan Blades for Aircraft
Process
Metal Forming
Special Die Casting Process Needed Because Reactive
Forging for Aircraft
Arc Welding only with inert gas or in vacuum
Polymers
Thermosetting/thermosets
Characteristics
Harder
Stronger
When Heated
permanently hard
pressure can be applied to cure
degeneration if heated excessively
Toxic Fumes
Brittle
Better stability
Thermoplastic/thermoplasts
Characteristics
Soft
Ductile
Flexible
Can be manufactured on a branch
Sensitive to temperature
When Heated
Soften
Eventually Liquify
Reversible and can be repeated
No toxic fumes
Polythene
Pros
High Density
Resistant to Chemicals
Tough
Cheap
Flexible
Electrical Resistance
Transparent
Easily Coloured
Uses
Dustbins
Water and Gas Pipes
Carrier Bags
Food Packaging
Sandwich Boxes
Process
Polymer Forming
Most suitable, injection moulding most common
Extruded for pipes
Rotational moulding for large products (i.e. dustbins)
Blow Moulding for bottles
Vacuum forming for packaging
Machining
Soft so easily machined
Usually formed to near-net-shape so little cutting needed
No polishing needed
Joining
Adhesive bonding most common
Friction welding for pipes
Nylon
Pros
Strong
Lightweight
Used for broad range of products
Easily made as a fibre
Good heat resistance <250°
Uses
Clothes
Fishing Line
Small Gears
Zip Fasteners
Power Tool Cases
Composites
GRP GLASS REINFORCED PLASTIC
Properties
Not Brittle
Ductile
Chemical Resistance
Uses
Aerospace
Automotive
Underwater
Sheets of glass fibre laid at right angles sandwiched between a plastic
Usually done in a mould and left to cure
Reinforced Concrete
Ceramics
Types
Clay Mineral
Glass
Cement
Properties
Good Insulators
Poor Conductors
Hard
Brittle
Resistant to
High Temperatures
Harsh Environments
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