Elizabethan Government

Methods of controlling Parliament
1. Vague answers and stalling
2. Threats and punishment
  1. May stop being loyal to her
  2. May feel intimidated
  3. Imprisoning Wentworth in the Tower of London
  4. Forbidding certain discussions (E.g. Religion and marriage)
3. Shutting down Parliament
  1. Parliament may get angry
  2. Immediate stopping of arguments
4. What did Elizabeth I and Parliament agree and disagree on?
  1. Agreed on:
    1. 1586: Execution of Mary, Queen of Scots
    2. Passing laws
    3. Approving taxes
  2. Disagreed on:
    1. Marriage
Why did Elizabeth I call Parliament?
1. Called Parliament 13 times during 45 year reign
2. Could call Parliament whenever needed
3. To pass laws
  1. Laws needed to be approved by House of Lords, House of Commons and the monarch
    1. Several members of the Privy Council were in both houses
      1. Could report back to Elizabeth I
      2. Each House had Elizabeth's opinion
    2. House of Lords
      1. Nearly 100
      2. Lords, bishops and judges
    3. House of Commons
      1. 450 men
        Merchants
        Lawyers
        Government officials
      2. Members of the Gentry who owned land
      3. Elected by landowners and wealthy men in towns
        Women and the lower class could not vote
4. To approve taxes
  1. Could only be collected if Parliament agreed to them
5. Support and advice
  1. Was useful to know opinions to win support of MPs
Privy Council
1. How did Elizabeth control her Privy Council?
  1. Made decisions in private
    1. Gain a good reputation by taking credit only for good decisions
    2. "So secretively did she make her decisions"
  2. Rude
    1. To intimidate
    2. "She threw a slipper at Walsingham"
  3. Threatened
    1. Gain authority
  4. Small Privy Council
    1. Easier to manage
      1. "Multitude doth make disorder"
2. Group of advisers and ministers
  1. Helped govern England
  2. Elizabeth was not obliged to take their advice
    1. They were replaceable
  3. Chosen from the Gentry, the nobles and the Church
3. Who was in Elizabeth's Privy Council?
  1. Sir Francis Walsingham
    1. Appointed in 1573
    2. Worked for foreign affairs
    3. Worked for the Secret Services
    4. In 1571 helped to discover plot to kill Elizabeth I
  2. Sir Christopher Halton
    1. Organised progresses
    2. Helped pass laws
    3. Control MPs
    4. Made Lord Chancellor in 1587
  3. Sir William Cecil
    1. Appointed in 1558
    2. Secretary of State
    3. Lord Treasurer
    4. Personal adviser
  4. Robert Dudley
    1. Appointed in 1562
    2. Earl of Leicester in 1564
    3. Appointed Commander of army in 1558
  5. Robert Devereux
    1. Second Earl of Essex
    2. Member of Privy Council in 1593
MPs
1. In Parliament, MPs had the opportunity to voice opinions
  1. Elizabeth I may have gained new opinions on laws
2. Priveledges
  1. Freedom of speech
    1. The right to make any complaints
  2. Freedom from arrest
  3. Freedom to discuss new laws
System of Patronage
1. Queen
  1. Nobles
    1. Supporters
      1. Rest of population
        Loyalty
        Loyalty
      2. Loyalty
    2. Rewards
    3. Rewards
  2. Rewards and jobs
2. Method of indirectly gaining loyalty of the couuntry
Justice of Peace
1. Meetings:
  1. Met by command of Queen upon suspicion of war
  2. All JPs of a county would be 4 time a year to discuss punishment
2. Duties:
  1. Approve executions
  2. Punish robbers, vagabonds and outlwas
  3. Search houses for stock pilings
  4. Punish excessive drinking
  5. Stop prostitution
  6. Collect taxes
  7. Enforce taxes to help the poor
  8. Tax all inhabitants to a weekly charge
  9. Take orders for safety of country
  10. Carry out orders
  11. Fix roads
  12. Send people to jail
3. Priveledges
  1. Special Justice of Peace licence
  2. Authority to punish for any misdemeanors
  3. Respect
4. 40 per county
5. Voluntary

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