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Descrição
Mapa Mental por Summer Pearce, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por Summer Pearce
aproximadamente 9 anos atrás
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Utilitarianism Overview
- teleological theory
- looks at results/consequences
when considering morality
- looks at results/consequences
when considering morality
- consequentialist
- an action is right or wrong
dependent on its consequences
- an action is right or wrong
dependent on its consequences
- Act Utilitarianism
- Jeremy Bentham
- empirical observation
- believed that theories
should be supported by
evidence
- believed that theories
should be supported by
evidence
- scientific
- believed the study of
ethics should be
undertaken in a
practical way
- believed the study of
ethics should be
undertaken in a
practical way
- his theories led to extensive social reform
- changes to criminal justice, jury system,
prison, saving banks and cheap postage
- changes to criminal justice, jury system,
prison, saving banks and cheap postage
- empirical observation
- Hedonic Calculus
- amount of pain & pleasure
- all pain & pleasure is equal
- all pain & pleasure is equal
- amount of pain & pleasure
- all people considered
- each action is judged individually
- hedonistic
- Jeremy Bentham
- Principle of utility
- greatest happiness for the
greatest number
- greatest happiness for the
greatest number
- Rule Utilitarianism
- rule is devised and then
followed in a specific
case
- higher and lower pleasures
- quality over quantity
- quality over quantity
- John Stuart Mill
- rule is devised and then
followed in a specific
case
- Preference Utilitarianism
- should satisfy people's preferences rather
than maximise pleasure
- e.g) dying wishes
- e.g) dying wishes
- Peter Singer
- should satisfy people's preferences rather
than maximise pleasure
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