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4322608
Research & Psychology
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psychology
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psycho.unicycler
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Resumo de Recurso
Research & Psychology
Hypothesis: testable prediction with clear variables
Research method: best test's the hypothesis
Ex. Experiments, case studies, or observation
Collect Data by Interview, questionnaire, psychological tests, observation
Analyse Data with statistics to prove/disprove hypothesis
Write a summary of the findings
Evaluating research by conducting more experiments (replication)
Inferential Statistics: Evaluate with probability if results are due to chance
Variables
Independant: variable that experimenter controls
Extraneous: variable that not under experimenter control & can affect dependent variable
Ex. Personality
Confounding variables: Conflicting variables that are difficult to sort out effects
Scientific Approach
Clarity & precision
Intonate of error
More accurate and dependable with further testing of why
Groups
Experimental group: exposed to the change in the independent variable
Placebo Effect: Fake treatment but think they had treatment
Control Group: Under normal exposure to independent variable
Sampling bias: replicating a smaller group in the experiment with similar generalizations
Types of Research
Experimental
Controlled conditions: Isolates the relationship with the independent & dependent variable
May use Field study to encourage generalizability
Disadvantages: Manipulations of variables may be impossible & most experiments are artificial
Naturalistic Observation
Observe behaviour without interfering
Less Artificial
Presence of an observer may change behaviour
Case Studies
Study a small group
Ideal for difficulty getting subjects
Poor representative of the whole population
Surveys
Interview to get data
Good to study behaviour thats hard to directly
Good for attitudes opinions on large populations
Although, wishful thinking, memory lapses & poorly worded answers may occur
Descriptive statistics: organize & summarize data
Central tendency measures: median mean & mode
Variability : difference between control & experimental group numbers
Correlation: when 2 variables affect each other
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