the biological approach to explaining OCD

genetic explanations
1. Lewis - OCD runs in families
  1. 37% have parents with it
  2. 21% have siblings with it
2. diathesis stress model
  1. some people are more likely to suffer
    1. may need an experience to trigger it
3. candidate genes
  1. vulnerability for OCD
    1. the gene 5HT1-D
      1. responsible for the efficiency of transporting serotonin
4. OCD is polygenic
  1. many genes involved
    1. up to 230 genes may be involved
      1. e.g. dopamine, serotonin, neurotransmitters
5. different types of OCD
  1. the origin of OCD has different causes for each case
evaluation - genetic explanation
1. good supporting evidence
  1. twin studies
    1. Nestadt
      1. 68% of identical twins
      2. 31% of non identical twins
      3. therefore genetic evidence
2. too many candidate genes
  1. genetic explanations are unlikely to ever be useful
    1. little predictive value
3. environmental risk hours
  1. traumatic events can cause not just genes
    1. Cromer found over half of patients had a traumatic event
neural explanations
1. the role of serotonin
  1. neurotransmitters of serotonin
    1. help regulate mood
    2. neurotransmitters - rely information
    3. low levels of serotonin
      1. mood relevant info doesn't take place
        can affect mental processes
2. decision making systems
  1. abnormal functioning of the frontal lobes
    1. these are responsible for logical thinking
  2. abnormal functioning with the part that processes unpleasant emotions
evaluation - neural explanation
1. some supporting evidence
  1. some antidepressants work purely on the serotonin system
    1. therefore serotonin is involved in OCD
  2. some OCD symptoms in Parkinson's disease
    1. biological processes cause symptoms also responsible for OCD
2. not clear what neural mechanisms are involved
  1. some studies found decision making systems are responsible
    1. however no system has always been involved
3. we should not assume that neural mechanisms are involved
  1. same neurotransmitters and structures function abnormally in OCD patients
    1. but abnormal functioning does not cause OCD
evaluation +
1. the serotonin OCD link may be co - morbidity with depression
  1. many people who have OCD also have depression
    1. the depression probably involves disruption to the serotonin system
2. twin studies are flawed
  1. twins grow up in the same environment
    1. influences
  2. may also experience different things
    1. influences

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the biological approach to explaining OCD

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	Criado por Daisy U aproximadamente 9 anos atrás