4667208
Descrição
Mapa Mental por Laura Yineth, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por Laura Yineth
mais de 8 anos atrás
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|
MATERIALS
DEVELOPMENT FOR
LANGUAGE LEARNING
AND TEACHING
- 1. HISTORY
- Materials development started to
appear in the mid-nineties
- Books developers
gave more
importance to
materials
development on
language teaching
methodology
- The literature on
materials
development now
focuses less on
ways of selecting
materials and more
on the application of
theory to practice
and practice to
theory
- Books developers
gave more
importance to
materials
development on
language teaching
methodology
- MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT MAIN
FOREFATHERS: Byrd (1995),
Cunningsworth (1995), Graves (1996),
Tomlinson (1998), McDonough & Shaw (1998,
2003), Fenner & Newby (2000), Richards
(2001)
- Materials development started to
appear in the mid-nineties
- 2. EVALUATION
- 1 Establishing criteria and
developing evaluation instruments
- Much of the early
literature
attempted to
develop criteria
for evaluating and
selecting
materials
- Mukundan & Ahour (2010)
criticised many evaluation
checklists for a lot of lacks.
after analizing them during
38 years, they concluded
that a framework for
generating clear, concise and
flexible criteria would be
more useful than detailed
and inflexible checklists.
- Much of the early
literature
attempted to
develop criteria
for evaluating and
selecting
materials
- 2 Reporting evaluations
- Materials evaluation's
literature is focused
on the principles and
procedures of
conducting
evaluations. and also
the effectiveness of
materials
- Piloting, as a way to
receive and analyze
feedback for knowing
the effectiveness of
materials in
development,
increases the time
publishers spend, so,
it decreases its use
- Materials evaluation's
literature is focused
on the principles and
procedures of
conducting
evaluations. and also
the effectiveness of
materials
- 1 Establishing criteria and
developing evaluation instruments
- 3. ADAPTATION
- Materials adaptation
- How teachers adapt
materials
systematically or
intuitively every day
and the help it
contributes when
talking about
literature.
- Materials adaptation
through purposes and
materials design (
Evaluation -
Development -
Adaptation ) based
on students needs
and analysis
- How teachers adapt
materials
systematically or
intuitively every day
and the help it
contributes when
talking about
literature.
- Materials adaptation
- 4. PRODUCTION
- Writing
- -Replicating previous
materials -Adapting
activity types
-Relying upon
creative inspiration
- -Replicating previous
materials -Adapting
activity types
-Relying upon
creative inspiration
- Development of materials
- Writers state a set
of principles and
procedures of
materials
development, based
on what works on
their job and also
students needs and
abilities
- Writers state a set
of principles and
procedures of
materials
development, based
on what works on
their job and also
students needs and
abilities
- Writing
- 5. EXPLOITATION
- Effectiveness of materials
- Ways of using
textbooks and
resources, realia of
teachers and
students, teachers
and students,
experience and
context.
- Ways of using
textbooks and
resources, realia of
teachers and
students, teachers
and students,
experience and
context.
- Effectiveness of materials
- 6. ISSUES
- 6.1 Value and need for published materials
- There has always
been a big argument
about whether
materials are the
best way for
delivering
language-learning
materials or not.
- Many teachers
have also replaced
published
materials without
requiring the
teacher to find or
write materials.
- There has always
been a big argument
about whether
materials are the
best way for
delivering
language-learning
materials or not.
- 6.2 Pedagogic approaches
- There have been
pedagogical innovations in
materials development
through the history, in which
all sources have been
modified for supplying no
only teachers but also
students needs.
- There have been
pedagogical innovations in
materials development
through the history, in which
all sources have been
modified for supplying no
only teachers but also
students needs.
- 6.3 Authenticity and
acceptability of texts
- Which is produced in
order to communicate
rather than to teach,
and an authentic task is
one which involves the
learners in
communication in order
to achieve an outcome,
rather than practice the
language (Affective and
effective response)
- Which is produced in
order to communicate
rather than to teach,
and an authentic task is
one which involves the
learners in
communication in order
to achieve an outcome,
rather than practice the
language (Affective and
effective response)
- 6.4 Materials roles
- Organisational,
pedagogical
and learner
advantages
- Facilitating
reading by
making hidden
information
available
- Free source
of a variety
of authentic
texts
- Collaborative
problem solving
activities inside
and outside
the classroom;
- Organisational,
pedagogical
and learner
advantages
- 6.1 Value and need for published materials
- 7. PROJECTS
- Much of the innovation in
materials development
has taken place on
projects sponsored by
ministries or institutions
- Much of the innovation in
materials development
has taken place on
projects sponsored by
ministries or institutions
- 8. RESEARCH
- Richards (2005): All materials
reflect the writers’ theories
of language, language use
and language acquisition
- some published research
on the effects of
materials on their users:
- Day & Bamford (1998); Elley (1991);
Krashen (2004); Chapelle (1998), 2001;
Chapelle & Lui (2007); Harwood (2010a)
Mishan (2005); Mukundan (2003, 2006a,
2006b, 2008a, 2009a)
- Day & Bamford (1998); Elley (1991);
Krashen (2004); Chapelle (1998), 2001;
Chapelle & Lui (2007); Harwood (2010a)
Mishan (2005); Mukundan (2003, 2006a,
2006b, 2008a, 2009a)
- some published research
on the effects of
materials on their users:
- Chapelle (2008) points out how
surprisingly little research has
been published on materials
development, use and evaluation
- Richards (2005): All materials
reflect the writers’ theories
of language, language use
and language acquisition
- 9. CONCLUSION
- Current situation
- In the last forty years materials
development has progressed dramatically,
in both academic and practical fields
- Development of the awareness of
the principles and procedures of
materials, and a critical analysis of
the coursebooks
- Development of the awareness of
the principles and procedures of
materials, and a critical analysis of
the coursebooks
- In the last forty years materials
development has progressed dramatically,
in both academic and practical fields
- Gaps in the literature
- Very little of the existing literature on
materials development tells about the actual
effect of different types of materials SLA,
nor about how to encourage teachers and
learners to try new types of materials
- Very little of the existing literature on
materials development tells about the actual
effect of different types of materials SLA,
nor about how to encourage teachers and
learners to try new types of materials
- Future of materials development
- Materials will be delivered
electronically
- Local creation of materials
- Materials will be delivered
electronically
- Current situation
Anexos de mídia
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