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4755015
Structure of prokaryotes
Descrição
Heath Science CELS191 Mapa Mental sobre Structure of prokaryotes, criado por Vinh Tran em 05-03-2016.
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cels191
heath science
Mapa Mental por
Vinh Tran
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por
Vinh Tran
mais de 8 anos atrás
55
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Resumo de Recurso
Structure of prokaryotes
features of a prokaryotic cell
Flagella
allow for the movement of the cell
clockwise rotation
cell tumbles
anticlockwise rotation
develops movement for cell
Allows for directional movement toward or away (Chemotaxis)
Frimbrie
The hairs of the cell
Allows the cell to stick to surfaces/adohernce e.g hard surfaces
Allows for Genetic transfer from one bacterium to another
Capsule
slimy layer on the cells surface
carbohydrate envelope of glycocalx
prevents the cell/organism to becoming dehydrated/dessicatted in non aqueous environments
resistance to phagocytosis (bacteria being indigested)
Ribosomes (Prokaryotic cell)
50% smaller than ribosomes found in eurkarotic cells
allows for the synthesis of proteins
target site for some antibiotics to inhibit protein synthesis of the cell and therefore kill it
Nucleoid
Large strands of DNA (loop) not enclosed by a nuclear membrane
Plasmid
Small loops of extrachromosomal DNA
important in contributing extracelluar DNA in bacterium
V; Virulence (Can make organism cause diseases)
R; Can cause bacterium to become resistant to antibiotics
B; Bacteriocin (natural antibiotic produced by cell)
F; Fetility (transfer of genes)
Endospores
cells form spores during unfavourable conditions
condensation of nuclear material such as DNA
material is surrounded by two coats of protein
allows DNA to resits damage caused by Heat, Chemicals and desiccation
Establishing the difference between Gram Positive (+) and Gram negative (-)
Gram Postive
Thick outer layer of polytidglycon
Gram Negative
Thin layer of peptidoglycan
surrounded by two membranes. Outer Membrane and Plasma Membrane
peptidoglycan is a protein only found in bacteria therefore is a good indicator in determining Gram Positive and Negative bacteria
Gram Staining
the method used to determine Gram positive and negative bacteria
Use of two stains
treated with iodine to fuse the proteins of the peptidoglycan
colour of stain identifies type bacteria (positive or negative)
violet = positive
pink = negative
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