origin: olfactory receptor
neurons in olfactory mucosa
location: cribriform plate of ethmoid bone
CN II: optic
(S) function: vision
origin: retinal ganglion cells
location: optic canal
CN III: occulomtor
(M) function: most eye movements,
pupillary constriction
origin: midbrain (anterior aspect)
location: superior orbital fissure
CN IV: trochlear
(M) function: superior oblique
(depresseseye and rotates laterally)
origin: midbrain (dorsal/ posterior aspect)
location: superior orbital fissure
CN V- trigeminal
(S+M) function: sensation from
face, muscles of mastication
V1: opthalmic
(S) function: sensation from forehead, nose
origin: pons
location: superior orbital fissure
V2: maxillary
(S) function: sensation from cheeks, upper lip
origin: pons
location: foramen rotundum
V3: mandibular
(S+M) function: sensation from chin, jaw,
mouth, muscles of mastication
origin: pons
location: foramen ovale
CN VI: abducens
(M) function: lateral rectus (abducts the eye)
origin: pons (nuclei underlying
floor of 4th ventricle)
location: superior orbital fissure
CN VIII: vestibulocochlear
(S) function: proprieception; acoustic branch:
hearing, vestibular branch: equilibrium
origin: CB pontine angle, lateral to CN VII
location: internal acoustic canal
CN IX: glossopharyngeal
(S+M) function: taste (posterior 1/3 of tongue), sensation from tonsils, senses
carotid BP from carotid arteries and sinus, stylopharyngeus (swallowing,
larynx, pharynx), parotid gland secretion (salivary gland back of mouth)
origin: medulla
location: jugular foramen
CN VII: facial
(S+M) function: taste (anterior 2/3 of tongue), muscles of
facial expression, lacrimal + salivary gland secretion
origin: pons (CB pontine angle) above olive, medial to CN VIII
location: runs through acoustic canal, then through
facial canal, exiting at stylomastoid foramen
CN X: vagus
(S+M) function: taste (epiglottis), sensation from meninges,
pharynx, senses aortic BP at aortic arch, muscles in
pharynx and larynx, parasympathetic (ie rest and
digest) fibres to heart, lungs, digestive tract
origin: medulla (posterolateral sulcus)
location: jugular foramen
CN XI: (spinal) accessory
(M) function: trapezius and sternocleidomastoid
(shrug and head movements)
origin: cranial and spinal roots
location: jugular foramen
CN XII: hypoglossal
(M) function: tongue muscles (speech
articulation and swallowing/bolus formation)