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5433489
Physics [4] Revision: Radiation
Descrição
This Mind map has information about the P4.2 Section of OCR Science (Pre-2016)
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ocr gateway
p4 revision
radiation
Mapa Mental por
Hanzalah Ravat
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por
Hanzalah Ravat
aproximadamente 8 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso
Physics [4] Revision: Radiation
Radiation Types
Alpha
Cannot penetrate 1cm of Paper
Helium Particle: Two Protons and Two Neutrons
Causes the most harm if IN body; like a wrecking ball
Alexander Linkenov
Americanium is used in Smoke alarms
Beta
Can Penetrate 1cm of Paper but is stopped by Aluminium
An Electron
Is used in paper mills to determine thickness
Gamma
Cannot penetrate thick lead
Electromagnetic wave: Highest Frequency
Used to sterilize medical equipment
Given off by radioactive materials: Harder to control
Can be used to treat cancers
Both are Ionising and have similar wavelengths
X-rays
Electromagnetic Wave: 2nd Highest Frequency
Ionising radiation given off by the radiation can be absorbed by skin and bone depending on the density.
They usually pass through the skin and flesh
Absorbed by bone
So Bone images are seen making it easier to see fractures etc
X-Ray Machine
'manufactures' X rays
A hot Cathode emits electrons
These are attracted to a tungsten anode
When they collide the kinetic energy is transferred into heat and X-Rays
Can control the intensity and energy the X-Ray has
Fission and Fusion
Fission
Common
Splitting of nuclear particles which creates some energy
Chain Reaction wherin the reaction keeps on going
Cheaper option
Utilised Uranium 235
Joins with U-236 which is Unstable to begin a chain reaction
Fusion
Joining of Nuclear Atoms
Reactions that take part in the SUN
Requires a LOT of HEAT: 10,000,000 OC
This makes it impractical as no material can withstand the pressure nor create such environment
Cannot be controlled safely
Experimental reactors are in construction
One is being created in Oxford University
The largest is JET (Joint European Torus)
Anexos de mídia
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