The Bolsheviks/ Communists in power 1917-1924

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History (1924 - 53) Mapa Mental sobre The Bolsheviks/ Communists in power 1917-1924, criado por charlotte151996 em 24-04-2013.
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Mapa Mental por charlotte151996, atualizado more than 1 year ago
charlotte151996
Criado por charlotte151996 mais de 11 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

The Bolsheviks/ Communists in power 1917-1924
  1. Early measures, 1917-18
    1. Within first 24 hours, Lenin issued degrees ending Russia's involvement in war and giving land to peasants.
      1. Lenin granted independance to Russia's national minorities.
        1. Helped the Bolsheviks to tighten their grip on power.
      2. December 1917 - Established Cheka. A political police force who persecuted enemies.
        1. Press censorship was introduced - initally targetting middle class newspapers but soon became widespread among opposition socialist newspapers.
        2. Civil War, 1918 - 21
          1. White Army - Fought to re-establish a Russian monarchy.
            1. Green Army - Force of peasants who were fighting for a democratic version of socialism.
              1. Nationalist armies - Representing Russia's national minorities, fighting for independance that the Communists promised but didn't give.
                1. Red Army - Led by Trotsky, was highly disciplined and organised. Made use of modern technology to win the war.
                  1. Trotsky commanded the army from a mobile headquarters aboard an armoured train. Also, cinemas to show propoganda films.
                2. War communism
                  1. Geared the economy towards military production whilst creating social equality.
                    1. Private property and money were abolished.
                      1. Work or military service became compulsory, and food was rationed, according to need.
                        1. Food requisitioned from the peasants.
                          1. Unpopular due to the peasants recieving no payment.
                            1. Resulted in no production of surplus food - leading to famine.
                        2. Promised bread, but created a famine. Promised peace, but started a civil war. Promised democracy, but ruled in terror.
                        3. New Economic Policy (NEP)
                          1. Sailors of Kronstadt threatened military action against communists unless democracy restored and war communism ended.
                            1. Kronstadt Rebellion - damaging because many of the sailors were revolutionary heros. Supported communists from first days of Revolution.
                              1. Over 3 days, 40,000 red army troops killed 10,000 Kronstadt sailors.
                              2. Tenth Party Congress - new government must embrace a limited form of capitalism and temporary measure.
                                1. Legalised private trade, replaced grain requisitioning with tax-in-kind and reintroduced money.
                                  1. Necessary for survival of regime but still refused to give in to the demands for greater democracy.
                                    1. Opposition parties were outlawed and their leaders were exiled or executed. Lenin also supressed debate within the party by banning factions.

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