AQA Modern History: The Making of Modern Britain: 1964-1970

Society
1. The Swinging Sixties
  1. TV
    1. 10 years of ITV in 1965
    2. Colour TV in 1967-1969
  2. Fashion
  3. Rock music
  4. Sexual liberation
    1. The Pill
      1. 1961
  5. Generation gap between old and young
2. Social Reforms
  1. Abortion Act
    1. 1967
  2. Decriminalisation of Homosexuality
    1. 1967
  3. Divorce made easier
    1. 1969
  4. Race Relations Act
    1. 1965
  5. Abolition of Death Penalty
    1. 1969
3. Influx of immigrants
  1. Mainly from India and Pakistan
  2. 1968- influx of Kenyan immigrants
    1. 1968- Commonwealth Immigration Act
4. Education
  1. Open University set up in 1969
  2. Increase in comprehensive schools
5. Continuity
  1. Permissive society didn't last
    1. Thatcher came in 1979 with a more political style resembling he 1950s
  2. Women's rights had been increasing since the Suffragettes
  3. Swinging Sixties only affected the educated middle class
Labour
1. Failures
  1. Attempts to restructure economy
  2. Devaluation of £
  3. Trade Unions
  4. EEC rejection
2. Achievements
  1. Education reforms
  2. Social reforms
  3. Recovery of the economy by 1970
    1. Thanks to Roy Jenkins
  4. Wilson
    1. Grammar school boy
    2. Modern/ with the times
Economy
1. Defecit of £400 mill in 1964
  1. £350 mill in the black by 1970
2. Wilson wanted to get away from devaluation
  1. Ultimately devaluation of £ in 1967
    1. "Pound in your pocket" speech
3. 1964- IMF loan
4. Department of Economic Affairs
  1. George Brown
  2. Went against Treasury
    1. Wilson thought they were slow
  3. 1966/1967 National Plan and DEA dropped
5. Seaman Strike caused Sterling Crisis in 1966
6. 1967- IMF Loan
7. Economic recovery after 1967
  1. Tightened public spending
  2. Raised taxes
  3. Balance of payments surplus by 1970
8. Stagflation was starting
Foreign Policy
1. Splits in the party over CND
2. Arab Israeli War 1967
  1. Suez Canal closed
3. Rejected application to join EEC 1967
4. America
  1. Wanted Britain to help military in Vietnam
    1. Wilson said no
  2. Still scars over Suez
    1. America threatened to cut Britain off if they didn't withdraw
  3. Relied on them economically
1970 Election
1. Shock result
  1. Wilson chose when to have the election
  2. Labour seemed to have overcome their difficulties by 1970
2. Conservatives did well in local elections
  1. Heath didn't include immigration in his campaign
3. Heath had greater strengths than expected
4. Labour actually had quite a few failures during their run
Politics
1. Called an election in 1966
  1. Got a majority of 98 seats
  2. Good decision
2. Devaluation in 1967
  1. Wilson turned it into a drama
  2. Pound in your pocket speech was a disaster
3. Embarrassing rejection of EEC application in 1967
4. Trade Unions
  1. 1966-1967 Seaman and Dockers Strikes
    1. Called a state of emergency and brought in emergency laws
      1. Saw it as a threat from communism
  2. Thought they were the reason for economic sluggishness
  3. Too many wildcat strikes
  4. In Place of Strife
    1. Babara Castle
    2. Popular with voters
    3. Not popular with unions/ left wing labour MPs/ Callaghan
    4. Wilson finally gave in

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