Electricity

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Resumo de Recurso

Electricity
  1. Electric Charge (Q)
    1. it is a physical entity which is Defined by excess or deficiency of electrons on body

      Anotações:

      • Define
      1. s i unit- coulomb (C)
        1. 1 coulomb is equal to 6.25×10*18 electrons
          1. charge on electron is equal to 1.6×10*-19 C
            1. Properties
              1. like charges repel each other comma while unlike charges attract each other
                1. electric charges is conserved
                  1. electric charges exit in discreet package
                    1. electric charges are added algebraically (i.e. it is a scalar quantity)
    2. Electric Current (I)
      1. the rate of flowing charge through a conductor is as known electric current
        1. s i unit Ampere (A)
          1. I=Q/T
            1. Ammeter instrument used to measure current. it is always connected in series. it should it should have you resistance, so that it does not change the value of current
      2. Potential Difference (v)
        1. the amount of work done in moving an unit positive charge from one point to another point of a conductor
          1. electrostatic potential difference is the amount of work done in moving an unit positive charge from infinity to the given point
            1. s i unit volt(V)
              1. V=W/Q
                1. ∆V=V²-V¹=W/Q
                  1. Voltmeter instrument used to measure potential difference is known as voltmeter . it is always connected in parallel with resistors. it should have very high resistance so that it produce very less amount of current in a circuit
        2. Electric Circuit
          1. a continuous closed path at which a charge move. it consists of conducting wire , switch ,battery etc
            1. it is of two type - (1) open circuit - when the current is not flowing in the circuit. (2) closed circuit - when the current flowing.
          2. Ohm's Law
            1. physical condition remaining constant , the current flowing through the conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference across the end of the conductor in the circuit
              1. V≈I V=IR where ‘R’ is a constant called resistance
                1. the conductor which obey Ohm's law a cold ohmic conductor
                  1. V-I graph
                    1. if V is plotted on y axis and I on the x-axis 10 slope of the graph (∆y/∆x)= R
                      1. if V is plotted on x axis and I on y axis comma then reciprocal of slope of graph {1/(∆y/∆x)} = R
            2. Resistance (R)
              1. it is the property of a material to oppose the flow of charge through it
                1. s i unit ohm
                  1. R=V/I
                    1. some important terms related to resistance
                      1. resistor - a component in electric circuit which offers resistance to the flow of electron constituting electric current
                        1. variable resistance - a component used in electric circuit to change the current without changing the potential difference across the circuit
                          1. rheostat - it is a device used in electric circuit to change the resistance and hence current in the circuit
                            1. good conductor - material which offers low resistance to the flow of electrons or electric current in electric circuit
                              1. poor conductor - material which offers high resistance to the flow of electrons or electric current in electric circuit
                                1. insulator materials - which offers very high resistance to the flow of electrons or electric current in electric circuit

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