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Mapa Mental por BethanyKJN, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por BethanyKJN
quase 11 anos atrás
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Peasants in Nazi Germany 1933-1945
- Richard Darre
- 28th May 1933: Appointed Reich
Peasant minister
- 29th June 1933: Appointed
minister of agriculture and food
- September 1933: Responsible for introducing
the Reich Entitlement law and the Reich Food
Estate
- 1942: Made to resign from all of his posts
- Fell out with the Nazis about war production
- Fell out with the Nazis about war production
- Had two elements of thinking
- Restore the role and values of the
countryside so to reverse urbanisation
and promote the 'Blood and Soil' concept
- Support the
expansionist theory
of Lebensraum and
create a German
racial aristocracy on
selective breeding
- Restore the role and values of the
countryside so to reverse urbanisation
and promote the 'Blood and Soil' concept
- 28th May 1933: Appointed Reich
Peasant minister
- Nazi ideology
- German peasant were regarded as
special because they were seen as
racially pure group
- Believed to retained their
traditional attachment to
the German soil
- Believed to retained their
traditional attachment to
the German soil
- Portrayed as being being free of
moral decline
- Nazis believed that moral decline had
taken root in the cities
- Mainly during the Weimar years
- Mainly during the Weimar years
- Nazis believed that moral decline had
taken root in the cities
- German peasant were regarded as
special because they were seen as
racially pure group
- Polices, changes and incentives
- The Nazis had three main objectives
for the peasant communities
- Reverse the drift of
population from the
countryside to the cities
- Relieve farmers of
the burden of debt
- Establish a harmonious
volksgemeinschaft in the
countryside
- Reverse the drift of
population from the
countryside to the cities
- 1933: The Reich Food Estate
- Supervised every aspect of the
agricultural production and distribution
- Especially food
prices and working
wages
- Especially food
prices and working
wages
- Darre's way of
coordinating the
peasants
- Based on the
leadership principle
- Darre was the leader
- Below Darre there was a
hierarchical structure of
state, district and local
peasant leaders
- Below Darre there was a
hierarchical structure of
state, district and local
peasant leaders
- Darre was the leader
- It was very bureaucratic
- 20,000 full time officials
- 113,000 unpaid officials
- 20,000 full time officials
- Its aim was to link together producers,
wholesalers and retailers to make a single chain
and this would in turn cut out the proffitiering
middle man
- Would ensure a fair deal for farmers
- All paricipents would benefit equally
and they would therefore feel they are
part of a wider 'people's community'
- Would ensure a fair deal for farmers
- '[The Reich Food Estate is seen as] the
vehicle through which peasant farmers
would strengthen their economic interests
and claim their rightful place in the new
Garmany' Richard Evans
- Supervised every aspect of the
agricultural production and distribution
- 1933: Reich Entitled Farm Law
- Gave security of tenure to the
occupants of medium farms
- Between 7.5 and 125 hectares
- Between 7.5 and 125 hectares
- Forbade the division of farms
- Gave security of tenure to the
occupants of medium farms
- Many farm debts and
mortgages were
written off
- Small farmers were
given low interest rates
and many tax
allowances
- Small farmers were
given low interest rates
and many tax
allowances
- Government maintained high
tariffs on foreign goods
- The Nazis had three main objectives
for the peasant communities
- How successful were the Nazis? How much did
life change for the German peasants?
- The Nazis spent around
650,000,000 RM to clear
farmers debts in the year
13933-36
- Was at first for the medium
and larger farms
- Only benefited
small farms after
1935
- Only benefited
small farms after
1935
- Was at first for the medium
and larger farms
- Farmers incomes
increased by 41%
during 1933-38
- More than industrial workers
- Industry profits
increased more
than farmers
incomes
- Industry profits
increased more
than farmers
incomes
- More than industrial workers
- Price controls meant that
farmers profits were
smaller
- Meant that farmers couldn't afford to pay
their labourers high wages or even buy
labour saving machinery
- Meant that farmers couldn't afford to pay
their labourers high wages or even buy
labour saving machinery
- The strict regulation of the Reich Food
Estate became particularly resented by the
farmers
- Farm labourers wages were
lower than what industrial workrs
were and they also suffered poor
social conditions such as housing
- This meant that many farm
labourers drifted to the cities
during the Nazi regime
- In 1939, there were serve labour shortages in
German agriculture
- 3% of the German population
drifted into the towns
- In 1939, there were serve labour shortages in
German agriculture
- This meant that many farm
labourers drifted to the cities
during the Nazi regime
- After 1936, the regime had the
power to merge smaller farms into
bigger ones to make them more
efficient
- Angered many farmers and conflicted
with the 'Blood and Soil' ideology
- Was deemed economically
justified as achieved higher
agricultural production
- Was deemed economically
justified as achieved higher
agricultural production
- Angered many farmers and conflicted
with the 'Blood and Soil' ideology
- The Reich Entailed Farm Law
caused resentment and family
discontent
- By trying to solve the problem of passing on
farms to just one child meant that many farmers
couldn't provide for their other children
- By trying to solve the problem of passing on
farms to just one child meant that many farmers
couldn't provide for their other children
- The Nazis spent around
650,000,000 RM to clear
farmers debts in the year
13933-36
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