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6016085
Identify the main political opponents and key individuals to autocracy
Descrição
The opponents of Alexander II and III from 1855-1894. Aims, methods, suporters and achievements by 1881.
Sem etiquetas
a level
russian history
alexander ii
alexander iii
populists
narodniks
land and liberty
people's will
liberal intelligentsia
1855-1894
history
r: 1.1- trying to preserve autocracy
a-level
Mapa Mental por
Declan Wiseman
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por
Declan Wiseman
mais de 8 anos atrás
15
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Resumo de Recurso
Identify the main political opponents and key individuals to autocracy
Liberal intelligentsia
Aims
Westernisers
Slavophiles
Modernisation
Supporters
Turgenev-Westerniser
Tolstoy Slavophile
Methods
Zemstvo
Encourage members to think nationally
1891 Famine, so had to help poor
Turgenev's plays/novels such as "A Sportman's sketches" helped to oppose serfdom
Achievements by 1881
Their beliefs very much akin to A2's
Loris Melikov would have been accepted if alive
Show they can help run country
Populists- Narodniks
Aims
Develop peasant commune, develop Russia
Supporters
Nobles/intelligentsia, peasants disliked it
Methods
"Going to the people" REVOLUTIONISE PEASANTRY
Lavrov 1864, 1877 2000 people to travel into country to educate peasants
Dress like peasants, integrate
Exploit disgruntled peasants lack of land/redemption tax
Mikhail Romas- sells fruit and veg for cheap
Achievements by 1881
1600 arrested
Peasants too conservative, too much rever for Tsar
Radicals taken away from underground meetings and out into countryside
Giving gov awareness of depth of feeling of opponents
Populists- Land and Liberty
Achievements by 1881
TPW: Assassinated General Mezemtsev head of 3rd section 1878
Assassinate A2 1881
Zemstvo and LaL org talks to pressure autoc for constit reform
Methods
Black Rep- Peaceful
Built relations with students/workers, published radical material for social change
Lead by Georgi Plekhanov
People's Will- Violent
Planted spy in Third Section
Assassinated gov officials
1879- Tsar had to go unless consitution
Lead by Alexandr Mikhailov
Supporters
Professional/skilled classes
Aims
People's Will- remove Tsar
Pressure autocracy into consitutional reform
Develop peasants develop Russia
Black Repartition
Share/partition black soil provinces among peasantry
QUOTE
"A clique of dedicated professionals" is needed for revolution according to Sixmith
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