The individual child should not be studied in isolation, abstracted
from their social relationships or cultural circumstances
-divided into
Genetic
Psychology
Growth and development
referred to a focus on origins
rather than molecular genetic
Hall, Gesell and Erikson role of biological
maturation in children´s development
(has active stages of evolution)
importance
Genetic and Biological
factors play the dominant
role in development
emphasized
by
consist
of
Behaviorist
Framework
Shaping behavior often through
reward and punishment
Watson (control fear is learning response )
Pavlov (stimulus generated other stimulus)
Skinner (actions what is feeling inside)
Bandura (environment influenced behavior)
Process in which
biology provides the
clay and the
environment shapes it
importance
emphasized
by
consist
of
Cognitive
Frame
The brain is seen as a version of the
new electronic computer (mind process
information by the reason and infer)
considers
Interaction between child and environment as process
of gathering information (construct mental models)
assumed
To be a process of constructing
cognitive representations
consist
of
Constructivist
Framework
A child is always building
knowledge about their
physical environment
Piaget ( active interaction with
environment create structures
about world, assimilation and
accommodation)
Intelligence moves through a universal
sequence of qualitatively distinct stage
cognition refers to development
importance
emphasized
by
consist
of
Cultural Psychology
Cultural art acts provide the means
which people interact with the world
around them and with one another.
Vygotsky (learn how to think through
interactions with others)
Process driven to live
in a social world
importance
emphasized
by
consist of
Theoretical preposition of life-span psychology
Involves the study of constancy and
change in behavior through life
divided in 2 modes
Extension of
developmental
studies across the
life course
Aim to explore and research
specific implications for the
general nature of
developmentally theory
-characterized because it
contains 3 concepts
Development (life-long process that have not period age)
Multidirectiinality (diversity or pluralism, direction
of change varies by categories of behavior)
Plasticity (life conditions and experiences of an individual,
give the course of the development in many ways)