611065
Hypoxemia
- 1. Hypoventilation
Anotações:
- - drop in ventilation -depression of resp. centre in brain -airway obstruction -disease of nerves supplying resp. muscles -thoracic wall injury
- 4. Intrapulmonary shunting: Low V/Q
Anotações:
- -most common -blood passes thru pulmonary system without being involved in gas exchange--> unoxygenated blood reenters arterial system & dilutes oxygenated blood -atelectasis, consolidated pneumonia
- 2. Impaired diffusion
Anotações:
- -pathological changes--> poor O2 transfer into arterial blood -Fick's Law: surface area -membrane thickness -Gas solubility- CO2 vs. O2 -pressure gradient
- 3. V/Q mismatch
- High V/Q mismatch= dead space
Anotações:
- -No blood supply -Ventilation exceeds perfusion -Pulmonary embolism, cardiac failure
- Low V/Q mismatch: shunt
Anotações:
- -Perfusion exceeds ventilation -blood passing unventilated alveoli--> doxygenated blood entering arterial system -atelectasis (collapsed alveoli), pneumonia (consolidated alveoli). asthma (fluid filled alveoli)
- High V/Q mismatch= dead space
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