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61482
Nutrients
Descrição
GCSE Home Economics Mapa Mental sobre Nutrients, criado por Samuel Marsh em 29-04-2013.
Sem etiquetas
home economics
home economics
gcse
Mapa Mental por
Samuel Marsh
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por
Samuel Marsh
mais de 11 anos atrás
114
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0
Resumo de Recurso
Nutrients
Protein
Protein molecule made of amino acids
Types of protein
High biological value (HBV)
Examples
Meat
Soya beans
Milk
Proteins that contain all the essential amino acids
Low biological value (LBV)
Examples
Cereals e.g. wheat
Pulses
Beans
Proteins that are missing one or more of the essential amino acids.
Deficiency
Adults
Lose muscle, fat
Internal organs weaken
Dry hair and skin
Children
Poor growth
Slow healing
Catch infections easily
Thin, weak
Hair thinning
Function
Growth
Maintenance
Repair and healing
Energy
Fat
Differnt types
Oil which is liquid at room temperature
Fat which is solid at room temperature
What are they made up of?
One part glycerol
Three parts fatty acids - a trigyceride
Different types of fat
Saturated
Fatty acids are full of hydrogen
Unsaturated
Fatty acids have double bonds and can take more hydrogen
Monounsaturated
Fatty acids have one double bond
Polyunsaturated
Fatty acids have two or more double bonds
Hydrogenated
Means adding hydrogen to make a liquid oil to become solid fat
Can make trans fats, which may be harmful to health
Function in the body
Provides energy
Stored in adipose tissue cells
Insulates body from cold
Protects vital organs (e.g. kidneys) and skeleton
Provides Vitamins
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Vitamin K
Sources
Visible fat
Butter
Meat
Margarine
Invisible fat
Cakes
Cheese
Pastries
Deficiency
Not enough
Deficiency of vitamins A, D, E and K
Not enough essential fatty acids for growth of body tissue.
Too much
If the energy is not used up in physical activity it will be stored as adipose tissue
Weight gain
Fat can build up in liver and cause health problems
Carbohydrates
Types of Carbohydrates
Sugar
Simple sugars (Monosaccharids)
Fructose
Fruit
Plant juics
Honey
Glucose
Vegetables
Ripe fruits
Sugar used in cooking
Galactose
Milk
Disaccharides
Sucrose (Glucose and fructose)
Sugar (Caster, granulated, brown)
Fruit and vegetables
Lactose (Glucose and galactose)
Milk
Milk products
Maltose (Glucose and fructose)
Cereals e.g. Barley
Malted biscuits
Milk drinks
Complex carbohydrates (Polysaccharides)
Starch
Root vegetables
Cereal products e.g. bread
Cereals e.g. wheat
NSP
Wholegrain cereal foods and products
Helps get rid of solid waste
Pectin
Fruits e.g. plums, apricots, apples
Dextrin
Toasted bread
Pastries
Glycogen
Formed in the body
Stored in the liver and muscles
Made of long chains of glucose units joined together in different ways
Deficiency
Not enough
Low blood glucose levels
Weight loss
Athletes to 'hit
Too much
Provides more energy than you use up in physical activity. This will be stored in adipose tissue and leads to weight gain
Made by plants during photosynthesis
The main source of energy
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