BAKUN DAM

BALUI RIVER
1. ECOSYSTEM
  1. ANIMALS
    1. MICROORGANISMS
    2. PLANKTON
    3. SHRIMP
    4. FISH
      1. GASTOMYZAN MEGALAPIS
      2. CHONERHINOS SILUS
      3. PARASPHOROMENUS ALLANI
      4. OSTEOCHILUS SARAWAKENIS
  2. PLANTS
    1. ALGAE
    2. TREES
  3. HABITAT
    1. MUD
    2. SAND
HISTORY
1. embankment hydroelectric power dam located in Sarawak,Malaysia
2. Built beginning in 1994 and delayed until 2005.The construction completed on 2011.
3. generate 2,400 megawatts (MW) of electricity once completed.
4. source of the Rajang River and some sixty kilometres west of Belaga
HOW IT WAS BUILT ?
1. Rock-fill is blasted using explosives to break the rock. Additionally, the rock pieces may need to be crushed into smaller grades to get the right range of size for use in an embankment dam
2. submerged 700 square kilometers of forests and farmland
3. dam developers did not clear the vegetation located behind the dam
4. The surrounding land upstream is also used for industrial agriculture such as palm oil plantations
RESULTS
1. EXPERIENCE HIGH NITROGEN LOADING
  1. DEPOSITED CHEMICAL RUNOFF
2. EUTROPHICATION
  1. ALGAE BLOOM OCCUR
3. WATER POOR IN DISSOLVED OXYGEN
  1. ALGAE DECAY AND DIE
  2. FISH DIES
4. ACIDITY OF OXYGEN-DEPLETED WATER
  1. RENDER THE CAPABILITY TO DISSOLVE MINERALS
5. WATER APPEARANCE BERCOME MURKY
  1. SEDIMENT WILL BLANKET RIVER ROCKS THAT WILL DESTROY FISH BREEDING SITES
  2. ALTER THE FISH SIGHT DUE TO MUDDY AND LOW LIGHT
  3. LOW LIGHT WILL CAUSE AQUATIC PLANTS UNABLE TO UNDERGO PHOTOSYNTHESIS
6. CHANGES THE FLOW OF THE WATER
  1. SLOWS DOWN THE FLOW OF SALT AND MINERALS
    1. UNBLANACES THE AQUATIC SYSTEM, MINERALS AND OXYGEN DEFICENCY
    2. DESTROYS THE ESSENTIAL SOOURCES FOR THE AQUTIC LIFE
  2. ALTER THE MIGRATION OF FISH
    1. ALTERS THE NATURAL BREEDING PROCESS
  3. ENTRY OF SALT WATER
    1. AQUATIC SYSTEM BECOMES UNBALANCE IN FRESH WATER.
    2. PH WILL INCREASE
7. THE PROTEIN SOURCES THAT THE LOCALS DEPEND ON WILL DECLINE AND THE SIZE OF THE FISHES DECREASE
  1. DISRUPTION OF THE FOOD CHAIN IN THE ECOSYSTEM
8. EARTHQUAKE
  1. STORED WATER EXERTS EXCESSIVE PRESSURE
9. SOIL EROSION
  1. DEPRIVES THE DOWNSTRREAM OF RIVER
10. GREENHOUSE GAS EXERTED
  1. FUEL FOR METHANE, CARBON DIOXIDE AND NITROUS OXIDE EMITTED BY THE DAM
    1. ROTTING OF VEGETATION AND SOILS
      1. CARBON SINK
11. GLOBAL WARMING
  1. METHANE EMIISION
    1. METHANE OXIDISED TO PRODUCE CARBON DIOXIDE
12. HUMANS
  1. Schistosomiasis
  2. Malaria.
  3. Opisthorchiasis.
  4. Filariasis
HOW TO CONTROL THE NEGATIVE EFFECTS ?
1. RIVER ECOSYSTEM
  1. • Increasing restoration efforts using well-grounded ecological principles as guidelines.
  2. • Maintaining and protecting remaining ecosystems that have high integrity.
  3. • Reinstate natural variations in the fundamental environmental factors.
  4. • Restoration efforts can encompass a spectrum of goals, from nearly full recovery of native species and environmental conditions to the management of dynamic biologically diverse community.
  5. • Conserve and maintain the ecosystem left.
2. DEFORESTAION
  1. • Eco-forestry underscores the need of cutting down trees in an environmentally friendly manner.
  2. • Also, eco-forestry calls for the preservation of the forest regions ecosystem and also allows for controlled and green timber extraction.
  3. • Community Forestry is whereby local communities together work together to start localized tree planting programs and management of their local forests.
  4. • Replanting (Reforestation) entirely focuses of replanting. Restoration or replanting of forests that have been reduced which requires an ongoing process.
  5. • Land use planning techniques can offer the fastest and the most feasible solution to deforestation.
3. ACIDIC WATER
  1. • Preparatory treatment of water for filtration modified based on the specific condition of the water.
  2. • Different type of filtration efficiency.r.
  3. • Boiling the water to remove unwanted substances.
  4. • Creating a purifying system in the wilderness by layering sand, charcoal, and gravel or small rocks. Charcoal is good for removing bacteria.
  5. • Use a water purifier from the tap water or purification tablets.
4. HUMAN HEALTH
  1. • Development of a safe and effective vaccine against malaria is critical in malaria control, prevention and eradication efforts.
  2. • Advancement of exploring novel vaccine strategies, such as transmission-blocking vaccines, which work by blocking transmission of the malaria parasite to the mosquito vector.
  3. •Antimalarial drugs and mosquito control programs have played a key role in controlling malaria.
  4. • New and improved diagnostics are essential for the effective control of malaria.
  5. • Vector management tools such as insecticides, environmental modification, and bed nets
ISLAMIZATION
1. Lawful to you is game from the sea and its food as provision for you and the travelers, but forbidden to you is game from the land as long as you are in the state of ihram. And fear Allah to whom you will be gathered.(Al-Maeda 5:96)
2. ”And whatever of misfortune befalls you, it is because of what your hands have earned. And He pardons much. (Ash-Shura 42:30)”
3. And if Allâh were to punish men for that which they earned, He would not leave a moving (living) creature on the surface of the earth, but He gives them respite to an appointed term, and when their term comes, then verily, Allâh is Ever AllSeer of His slaves. (Fatir 35:45)
4. Evil (sins and disobedience of Allâh, etc.) has appeared on land and sea because of what the hands of men have earned (by oppression and evil deeds, etc.), that Allâh may make them taste a part of that which they have done, in order that they may return (by repenting to Allâh, and begging His Pardon). (Ar-Rum 30:41)
5. But seek, through that which Allah has given you, the home of the Hereafter; and [yet], do not forget your share of the world. And do good as Allah has done good to you. And desire not corruption in the land. Indeed, Allah does not like corrupters."(Al-Qasas 28:77)

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	Criado por Ermi Firzana mais de 8 anos atrás