A-level History: Norman Conquest of England

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Some key points for the Norman Conquest of England in A-level History.
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A-level History: Norman Conquest of England
  1. Origins
    1. 3 people fight for the throne; Harald III, Harold Godwinson, and Duke William of Normandy.
      1. Lack of heirs to the throne.
        1. Early 1066 - Edward The Confessor dies
        2. Rival Claimants
          1. Harold Godwinson
            1. Most powerful aristocrat at the time.
              1. Was chosen by the Witengamot and crowned by the Archbishop of York
            2. Duke William of Normandy
              1. Married to Matilda of Flanders, giving him the Flanders family's power.
                1. Said to have been chosen by Edward the Confessor as king.
              2. Harald III
                1. Was an accomplished mercenary.
                  1. Became king of Norway in 1046.
              3. Military Preparations (Harold Godwinson)
                1. The English army was organised along regional lines, with the fyrd serving under a local magnate.
                  1. Harold also had a group of personal armsmen called housecarls.
                    1. Fryds and housecarls were mainly infantry, though the housecarls had superior armour.
                      1. The English army did not had few archers.
                        1. Harold had around 14000 men ready to be deployed.
                2. Military Preparations (Duke William of Normandy)
                  1. Duke William assembled a large invasion fleet and an army gathered from all over Normandy and the rest of France.
                    1. He also secured diplomatic support, his most notable supporter being pope Alexander II.
                      1. Duke William had between 7500 to 12000 men, which consisted of foot soldiers, archers, and cavalry.
                  2. Military Preparations (Harald III)
                    1. Allied himself with Togwig Godwinson, Harold's brother.
                      1. Plundered towns he reached.
                        1. Harald had around between 10000-15000 men.
                    2. The events of 1066 and Their Ourcomes
                      1. April 24th. Hayley's comet appears,
                        1. September 20th. Battle of Bulford, Yorkshire.
                          1. September 25th. Battle of Stanford Bridge;
                            1. September 27th. Duke William of Normandy and his army set sail for England.
                              1. September 28th. William I arrives at Pevensey Bay, Sussex.
                                1. October 14th. Battle of Hastings.
                                  1. December 25th. Duke William of Normandy Crowned King of England.
                        2. Battle of Hastings

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