C2 | Mapas Mentais

Structure and Bonding
1. Chemical Bonding
  1. Elements react to form compounds by gaining or losing electrons, or by sharing electrons
  2. Atoms of metals in group 1 combine with atoms of non-metals in group 7 by transferring electrons to form ions that have the electronic structures of noble gases
2. Ionic Bonding
  1. Ionic compounds are held together by strong forces between the oppositely charged ions.
  2. the ions from a giant structure or lattice. the strong forces of attraction act throughout the lattice
3. Formulae of ionic compounds
  1. the charges on the ions in ionic compounds always cancel each other out
  2. the formula of an ionic compound shows the ratio of ions present in the compound
  3. sometimes we need brackets to show the ratio of ions in a compound.
4. covalent bonding
  1. a covalent bond is formed when two atoms share a pair of electrons
  2. the number of covalent bonds depends on the number of electrons it needs to achieve a stable electronic structure.
5. Metals
  1. the atoms in metals are closely packed and arranged in regular layers
  2. the electrons in the highest energy level are delocalised. the strong electrostatic forces between these electrons and the positively charged metal ions hold the metal together
Structure and Properties
1. Giant ionic structures
  1. Ionic compounds have high melting points and they are all solids at room temperature
  2. Ionic compounds will conduct electricity when we melt them or dissolve them in water. their ions can then move freely and can carry charge through the liquid
2. giant metallic structures
3. simple molecules
4. nanoscience
5. the properties of polymers
6. giant covalent structures
How much?
Rates and Energy
Salts and Electrolysis

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	Criado por wavehunter mais de 10 anos atrás