733976
Gerunds and
Gerundives in Latin
- Gerunds
- noun made from a verb
- translated as "the act of doing X"
- it is a second declension neuter noun like
"bellum" and declines likewise.
- has no plural
- never used in the nominative case or the
accusative acting a s a direct object, instead
in theses instances the infinitive is used.
- is used in the accusative however with
prepositions that require an accusative object.
(ie. ad)
- is used in the accusative however with
prepositions that require an accusative object.
(ie. ad)
- conjugates as: Currendum,
currendi, currendo, currendo
- qualified by an adverb and not an adjective
- "ad + gerund" creates a purpose to the verb,
therefore "ad oppugnandum" is equivalent to
"ut oppugnaret"
- noun made from a verb
- Gerundives
- this is an adjective formed from a verb
- it does not have a tense but does refer
to a type of hypothetical future.
- it is passive
- created from the verb stem
+ characteristic vowel + -nd-
+-a/-us/-um
- the agent in a gerundive sentence is
always in the dative
- this is an adjective formed from a verb
- Gerundival attraction
- this is where a gerund is transformed into a gerundive
- as the gerund cannot take an object, if an object is
introduced to the sentence, the gerund is forced to become
a gerundive
- if the gerund has a direct object, that noun changes to
the case of the gerund, and the gerund changes into a
geundive which agrees with it.
- this is where a gerund is transformed into a gerundive
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