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7805132
Patterns of Inheritance
Descrição
A level Biology (A2: PATTERNS OF INHERITANCE) Mapa Mental sobre Patterns of Inheritance, criado por 007791-Emily Boulton em 22-02-2017.
Sem etiquetas
mindmap
biology
a2: patterns of inheritance
a level
Mapa Mental por
007791-Emily Boulton
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por
007791-Emily Boulton
mais de 7 anos atrás
23
1
0
Resumo de Recurso
Patterns of Inheritance
Mutations
Mutagenic Agents
PHYSICAL
gamma rays
x-rays
UV light
BIOLOGICAL
viruses
transposons
food contaminants
alcohol
CHEMICAL
reactive oxygen species
nitrous acid
mustard gas
benzopyrene
aromatic amines
Chromosome Mutations
deletion
polyploidy
inversion
translocation
non-disjunction
duplication
aneuploidy
Sexual Reproduction
allele shuffling
metaphase/anaphase 2
independent assortment
metaphase/anaphase 1
meiosis produces genetically different gametes
random fusion = more diversity
Environmental Factors
regional accent
scars
hair length
leaf colour
Foundation of Genetics
1866 MENDEL
pea plants
unchanged generations were tested
quantitative records
Crosses
monohybrid crosses
mendel crossed true breeding plants present in a homozygous
F1 generation was left to self fertilise
F2 generation had short and tall plants
punnett squares
phenotypes can also be predicted
genotypes for the next generation can be predicted
represents all possible fertilisation events
test cross
shows from unknown genotype
recessive phenotype = heterozygous
a simple way to test genotypes
Simultaneous Inheritance
shows the dominant phenotype if unknown
dihybrid crosses
alleles of two genes are independently inherited
one allele pair can combine with any other allele pair.
Predicting Ratios in the F2 Generation
colour = 3/4 vs 1/4
shape = 3/4 vs 1/4
use a pungent square
Mendel made the predictions blind, unknowing about genetics
Multiple Alleles
human blood groups
coat colour in rabbits
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