Energy transformations

Autotrophs vs Heterotrophs
1. Autotrophs
  1. Self feeding
  2. Obtain organic compounds by converting inorganic molecules
    1. Carbon fixation
  3. Types of autotrophs
    1. Photosynthetic autotrophs
      1. Organisms that obtain energy required for carbon fixation through sunlight
      2. All green plants are photosynthetic, as well as some protists like algae
        The chlorophyll in chloroplasts makes the plants green
    2. Chemosynthetic autotrophs
      1. Organisms that obtain energy required for carbon fixation through inorganic chemical reactions
2. Heterorophs
  1. Other feeders
  2. Obtain energy through consuming other organisms or their products
  3. All animals and fungi are heterotrophs
  4. Types of heterotrophs
    1. Herbivores
      1. Only eat plants
    2. Carnivores
      1. Only eats animals
    3. Omnivores
      1. Eat a mixture of plants and animals
      2. Don't specialise in a food source
      3. Are opportunistic eaters
        Means they eat whatever they can
    4. Saprotrophs
      1. Most fungi and some bacteria
      2. Eat by digesting organic material by extraellular methods
        Secrete enzymes onto material to break them down and then absorb them through endocytosis
    5. Parasites
      1. Derive energy and nutrients from other living oorganisms
      2. The host is usually harmed/ killed organisms
      3. Types of parasites
        Endoparasites
        Live inside the host
        Example: Tapeworrm, liver fluke
        Exoparasites
        Live outside the host
        Example: Ticks, lice
Cellular respiration
1. Energy = the ability to cause change
  1. Cells need energy to carry out their functions
2. Energy exists in cells through chemical energy, which is stored in the bonds that join atoms together
  1. When these these bonds are broken their energy is released and stored in ATP molecules

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	Criado por Ashleigh Hollins quase 8 anos atrás