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8559512
Comparison of Approaches
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A level Psychology (Approaches) Mapa Mental sobre Comparison of Approaches, criado por Hannah Atkinson em 17-04-2017.
Sem etiquetas
psychology
approaches
a level
Mapa Mental por
Hannah Atkinson
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por
Hannah Atkinson
mais de 7 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso
Comparison of Approaches
Determinism
Behaviourist
external forces in the environment (environmental determinsism)
consequences of behaviour (reinforcement) determine the likelihood of repeating it
Social Learning
observations of models
experience determines our vicarious learning, but free will allows us to choose when to apply what we have learnt
Cognitve
thought processes determine our behaviour
have some degree of control
Biological
physiological & genetic factors determine our behaviour
we have no control
Psychodynamic
unconscious factors, largely unknown to us & beyond our control
Humanistic
free will
no outside forces our biological predispositions
Nature & Nurture
Behaviourist
nuture
behaviour is a consequence of our interactions with our environment
Social Learning
primarily nurture
but capacity to learn through observation has adaptive value therefore innate (nature)
Cogntive
nature & nurture
we all share innate cognitive processes (nature)
but can develop irrational thoughts & beliefs as a result of experience (nurture)
Biological
primarily nature
neural & endocrine systems are innate
experiences may modify these systems (nurture)
Psychodynamic
unconscious drives & ego conflicts (nature)
the way we deal with them, which depends on our upbringing (nurture)
Humanistic
drive to self actualise (nature)
conditions of worth (nurture)
Psychology as a science
Behaviourist
yes
highly objective & experimentally based approach
allows for accurate measurement & replication
Social Learning
yes
investigations follow experimental patterns
allows inferences about cause & effect
Cognitive
yes to a degree
as most propositions can be tested
but mental processes cannot be directly observed so models are based on a lot of inference
Biological
yes
factors like neurotransmitters can be studied experimentally
Psychodynamic
yes & no
largely depends on case studies & subjective interpretation
Humanistic
mainly no
argues scientific research methods are unsuitable for studying complex human experiences
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