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Battle for the biosphere
Descrição
- Geography (Unit 1: Dynamic Planet) Mapa Mental sobre Battle for the biosphere, criado por Aaronbeaumont em 11-05-2014.
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geography
unit 1: dynamic planet
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Mapa Mental por
Aaronbeaumont
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Aaronbeaumont
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Battle for the biosphere
Ecosystem
A community of plants and animals that interacts with each other and the physical environment
Biome
Is a very large ecosystem with a dominant climate that is inhabited by certain animals and plants
Factors affecting biome distribution
Global factors
Pressure belts
Low pressure = More rain as air rises more evapouration
High pressure = Less rain as air falls no evapouration
Latitude
The higher the latitude the colder it is as the concentration of the sun is spread over a larger surface area due to the curvature of the earth
Local factors
Rain fall
Soils
Drainage
Altitude
Every 100m up the temperature drops 1 degree
Case study: Amazon rainforest
Goods
Timber
Drinking water
Humus for soil
Fruits, nuts + rubber
Medicines
Services
Climate regulation
Interlocking roots prevent mudslides
Trees soak up rain and absorb water and releases it in transpiration
Maintains humidity
Maintaining bio-diversity
Recreation (Tourism)
Providing a habitat
Carbon sink
Stores vast amounts of carbon
Convert CO2 to oxygen
Stores more carbon than other vegitaion
Atmosphere gas balance
Flood control
Protect watersheds
Provide protection from storms
Intercept rainfall
Causes of deforestation of amazon
Mining
Miners carry out small explosion to find oil kills flora + fauna
Logging
Trees used for building
Leaves bare ground making it difficult to regenerate
Mahogany and teak very expensive on global market
Cattle ranching
57,000 million tonnes of beef a year and there is a growing demand
80% of deforestation is due to cattle ranching
Global demand for beef has rapidly increased
Brazil largest exporter of beef + soya
Amazon 20% of the worlds oxygen
Further deforestation for roads to transport cattle and logs
Conservation on a local scale
SSSI
Site of Specific Scientific Intrest
Areas protected by law
Limited access
Only for scientific research
Impact on local is that people can't enjoy the nature
Impact on the environment is more species can live there
National parks
15 in the UK
Allows people to enjoy environment without it being damaged
Strict laws on development
Conservation on a global scale
CITES
Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species
Since 1973 adopted by 166 countries
Aim to stop trade of endangered species (e.g ivory)
Ramsar
The conservation of wetlands
Identify important wetlands
Use wetlands for fishing and tourism
Sustainable management of the biosphere
A middle ground between total protection with no access and total explotation where there is no protection
Social
Local facilities are improved that benefit the whole community
Economic
Reduce poverty
Help people make a living
Environmental
Protect the environment form degradation
Case study: Kilam-ljim, Cameroon
Strength
Educating communities about replanting trees
Safe levels of hunting
Safe amount of logging
8% of forest has grown back
Develop rules for the sustainable uses of forest
Marked forest for reserve
Weaknesses
Forest could degrade due to climate change
Money and support from international donor could end
Roads and industry could encroach on the forest
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